摘要:

AbstractA hypothesis is presented depicting patterns of human periodontal attachment loss. The patterns described occur rapidly, are site‐specific and take place in response to virulence and duration of local irritants. They appear to mirror current clinical observations regarding the nature and progress of site‐specific periodontal lesi

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1986.tb01406.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA 9‐year‐old girl was treated for the periodontal component of Papillon‐Lefevre syndrome, an autosomal recessive disease characterized by palmar‐plantar hyperkeratosis and premature loss of teeth. Initially, the patient was found to have a polymorphonuclear leukocyte chemotactic dysfunction, defective leukocyte adherence, and deep periodontal pockets harboring presumptive periodontopathic bacteria. After unsuccessful treatment with combined mechanical therapy and 2 different antibiotics, all of the patient's erupted teeth were extracted in an attempt to minimize the chance of infection of teeth yet to erupt. At age 16 years, the now‐erupted teeth have normal gingiva and crevice depths, radiographs show no evidence of periodontal pathology, no periodontopathic bacteria are detected in gingival crevices, and leukocyte function

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1986.tb01407.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe hemangioendothelioma is a benign neoplasm, rarely observed in the mouth. In the literature, reports on the treatment and on the therapeutic results are lacking. This type of gingival neoplasm was observed in a young adult male. It was located in the attached gingiva in the upper and in the lower jaw, covering almost the entire coronal part of the anterior teeth.An exhaustive internal and neurological examination revealed no associated general disease. The gingival biopsies displayed the typical characteristics of a hemangioendothelioma: proliferation of the blood vessels, with a reduced lumen surrounded by swollen endothelial cells. The treatment consisted of a meticulous mechanical plaque control, chlorhexidine rinses, gingivectomy procedures and a monthly professional prophylaxis. 3 years after the periodontal treatment, the gingival structures remained clinically healthy.In the biopsies, only a small amount of inflammatory cells could be detected. This report shows a case of benign gingival neoplasms of unknown etiology in which meticulous plaque control, combined with extensive gingivectomies and repeated professional prophylaxis may have prevented or. at least, retarded the recurrence of the lesion.

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1986.tb01408.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis article reviews the current knowledge of the sources, function and interactions of proteolytic enzymes and their inhibitors in chronic inflammatory periodontal disease.Proteolytic tissue degradation is a typical phenomenon in chronic inflammatory periodontal disease. The proteolytic enzymes can be both host‐ and bacteria‐derived. The proteases of the inflammatory cells are aimed for digestion of bacteria, enhanced locomotion through connective tissue, demarcation of the site of infection and tissue remodeling. Uncontrolled release of proteases in inflammation causes self‐digestion and tissue destruction. The potential of the bacterial proteases in degradation of connective tissue is not yet known. Biochemical and immunologic mediators of inflammation are released by proteolytic reactions. Immunoglobulin‐cleaving proteases present a specific mechanism in perturbation of host defenses.The 2 main protease inhibitors in serum, alpha‐1‐antitrypsin and alpha‐2‐macroglobulin, are also present in the gingival tissue fluid guarding the function of proteases. It has been suggested, although not confirmed, that deficiency in serum protease inhibiting capacity could be correlated with susceptibility to periodontal disease. Mucous secretions contain local low molecular weight protease inhibitors, but their possible rôle in saliva is not known. Bacteria‐derived, antiproteolytic short peptides may prove to be useful in pharmacological control of tissue destruction at

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1986.tb01409.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSince hormonal changes during the menstrual cycle may alter the vulnerability of the female gingiva, the present study was undertaken to investigate whether there are any differences in the number of toothbrushing lesions occurring during different phases of the menstrual cycle. 45 women of 20–35 years of age and with healthy gingiva were examined for overt signs of gingival laceration or ulceration. Such signs were recorded as a brushing injury. Dental plaque was assessed using the visible plaque index (VPI) and gingival inflammation using the gingival bleeding index (GBI). The examinations were made on the 1st day of menstruation (MD), on the estimated ovulation day (OD), and on the day with the predominance of progesterone secretion (PD). The examinations were made during 1–3 menstrual cycles for each individual; the study includes 78 cycles.No statistically significant differences were found between the numbers of brushing injuries on the 3 days of examination (MD, OD&PD). During PD, a significantly positive correlation (p<0.01) was observed between VPI and GBI scores, but on OD and MD, the correlations were highly significant (p<0.001). A weak significant positive correlation (p<0.05) was found between GBI scores and the number of brushing injuries on the 1st day of menstruation, while during other phases of the menstrual cycle, no such correlation was found. The present study gave little evidence that the hormonal status of women could be of clinical significance in the development of soft tissue trauma from habitual toothbrush

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1986.tb01410.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis investigation was undertaken in order to analyse to what extent the magnitudes of chewing and biting forces in dentitions restored with cross‐arch unilateral posterior two‐unit cantilever bridges are correlated to the area of the periodontal tissue supporting the abutments.12 subjects, whose dentitions were periodontally treated and prosthetically restored, participated in the study.The chewing and biting forces, simultaneously measured in various parts of, as well as over the entire dentition, were correlated to the periodontal ligament areas of the abutments supporting the bridge constructions. A strong positive correlation (r= 0.83;P0.5) towards decreasing total maximal bite force with decreasing total remaining periodontal ligament area.A strong positive correlation (r= 0.74;P<0.01) was found on the end abutment side between the local remaining periodontal ligament area of the end abutment tooth and the local forces in that region during biting with maximal strength over a limited area at a time. The remaining periodontal ligament area of the abutment tooth adjoining the cantilever segment was not found to have any influence on the local chewing or biting forces over the distal cantilever segment. Clinical implications of the findings are discus

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1986.tb01411.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the Water Pik® oral irrigator as a vehicle for delivering an aqueous solution into periodontal pockets. Plaque‐disclosing dye diluted with sterile saline solution was applied with the irrigator toward the gingival margins of teeth at 90° and at 45° prior to their extraction. The mean % penetration measured between a reference notch at the gingival crest and the periodontal ligament at the bottom of the pocket showed no statistical difference between the two angles of application. Penetration ranged from 44% to 71%, the lowest being into pockets 4–7 mm; higher mean penetration was noted in both subgroups 0–3 and>7 mm. No statistical difference was found between proximal and facial or lingual surfaces, maxilla and mandible, existence of tooth contact, and proximal tissue contour or consistency. The mean % penetration was independent of pocket depth (χ2analysis). Correlation between pocket depth and mean penetration was low for all but one subgroup (90° application and pockets>7 mm). The results suggest that the oral irrigator will deliver an aqueous solution into periodontal pockets and will penetrate on average to approximately half the depth of t

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1986.tb01412.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractRecently, PDL progenitor cells were claimed essential for the establishment of new connective tissue attachment to root surface. To further test new periodontal attachment after surgical injury, portions of the buccal alveolar plate were removed from the canines of 4 cats. Removal of bone was carried out with or without removal of the underlying PDL, and in half of the experimental sites, dental amalgam was placed at ligament periphery. Tissue blocks were prepared for routine histologic evaluation (H&E) and specific collagen stains (Mallory Trichrome and Mallory PATH). Exfoliation of amalgam was noted in 6 experimental sites during the healing period. At all sites, plaque accumulation and marginal gingivitis were observed before sacrifice. Histologic observation demonstrated limited new connective tissue attachment to root surfaces at PDL periphery where bone, PDL and cementum had been removed. Where PDL was retained, connective tissue attachment was present which appeared to be the result of fiber interdigitation between root‐inserted fiber ends and gingival wound edge fibers. “Blockage” of PDL cell migration by amalgam could not be well controlled. However, the placement of amalgam seems to have interfered with new connective tissue attachment and/or cementogenesis. In 5 specimens, root resorption had progressed into dentin. At these sites, collagen tufts appeared to arise from dentin. These tufts were in intimate contact with zones of dense inflammatory cellular infiltrate and connective tissue elements. We suggest that this observation may be a further tissue response to injury, namely: root resorption with the unmasking of dentinal collagen, which may finally lead to fiber interdigit

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1986.tb01413.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn investigation was conducted to test the hypothesis that age and wear of toothbrushes do not affect plaque removal. 40 preclinical dental students between the ages of 19 and 26 years were assigned randomly to 2 groups. 1 group of 19 subjects used a toothbrush for 10 weeks while the 21 subjects in the other group were given new toothbrushes every 2 weeks for 10 weeks. A baseline of zero plaque and calculus was obtained on the first visit. On subsequent visits, 2 weeks apart, the gingival status of each group was evaluated using the gingival index, and plaque levels were scored using the patient hygiene performance index. The brushing surface area of the toothbrushes was measured with a caliper as well as being graded subjectively according to their condition (good, fair or poor). Results were statistically analysed at the end of the 10‐week period. It was found that after 10 weeks, the subjects using the same toothbrush for the whole period had significantly more plaque than those who replaced their brushes every 2 weeks. As brushes deteriorated, they became less effective. No differences in gingival state were detected. There was appreciable variation in toothbrush wear among subjects, some reducing their brush to a poor state in 2 weeks whereas with others the brush was rated as “good” after 10

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1986.tb01414.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe present study was designed to examine the effect of citric acid conditioning on the result of healing following treatment of localized gingival recessions with coronally displaced flaps.In 3 beagle dogs, localized gingival recessions were surgically created at the buccal surfaces of canines, premolars and molars. All experimental sites were allowed to accumulate plaque for a period of 6 months. Following preparation of notches in the buccal root surfaces at the level of the gingival margin, buccal and lingual mucoperiosteal flaps were raised. The exposed portion of the root surfaces was scaled and the cementum layer was removed. Another notch was prepared in the root surfaces at the level of the crest of the alveolar bone. Half the number of the roots were treated by topical application of citric acid while the remaining roots were used as non‐acid treated controls. The flaps were sutured in a coronally displaced position. After 3 months of healing, the dogs were sacrificed and the jaws removed and placed in fixative. After decalcification, histological sections of the experimental roots and their periodontal tissues were produced.The 2 notches described above were used as reference points in the histological examination. The histological analysis disclosed that new attachment had formed on all test and control roots and extended in some specimens of both groups to a position coronal to the presurgical level of the gingival margin. The amount of new attachment was similar in the 2 categories of roots, demonstrating that citric acid conditioning did not produce additional new attachmen

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1986.tb01415.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY