摘要:

AbstractGingival crevicular fluid is regarded as a promising medium for the detection of markers of periodontal diseases activity. The collection protocols are straight forward and non‐invasive and can be performed at specific sites of interest in the periodontium. Because the fluid accumulates at the gingival margin, it will contain potential markers derived not only from the host tissues and serum but also the subgingival microbial plaque, and thus an extremely broad range of candidate molecules may be investigated. However, the ability to successfully describe indicators of current disease activity and predictors of future disease is dependent not only upon the choice of the biochemical marker but also on the accurate description of the health status of the sample sites using currently available clinical and radiographic methods. Areas of study which currently show the most promise involve the analysis of host enzyme activities directed against components of the extracellular matrix, the nature of the glycosaminoglycans released into the sulcus and the concentration in gingival crevicular fluid of certain mediators of the inflammatory process, most notably prostaglandin E

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1989.tb01604.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study was designed to investigate the healing of surgically induced, horizontal periodontal defects in dogs following placement of a biocompatible. porous polytetrafluorethylene membrane around the roots of the treated teeth and to compare the healing to that of control teeth without membrane. Mandibular premolar teeth of 5 beagle dogs were used for experimentation. Specimen blocks were removed 3 months postoperatively for histological evaluation of contralateral experimental and control teeth. Mean apical migration of junctional epithelium among the experimental surfaces amounted to 0.1 mm as compared to 1.3 mm for the control surfaces. Accordingly, the amount of connective tissue attachment, defined by the distance from the base of the junctional epithelium to the apical termination of root planing, was greater for experimental than for control surfaces. As this increased amount of connective tissue attachment was associated with more coronal bone apposition, a periodontal ligament space was more prevalent in experimental than in control surfaces. A limited amount of ankylosis was observed for both experimental and control surfaces. Root resorption was more prevalent in control than in experimental surfaces. Conceivable reasons for the differences in healing between experimental and control teeth are discussed.

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1989.tb01605.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe volume and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) collected with filter paper strips for 30 s from the sulcus of healthy, gingivitis and periodontitis sites of Chinese subjects were measured. MPO/site and MPO/μI GCF were both greater at gingivitis and periodontitis sites than at healthy sites. Enzyme activity was similar at the 2 categories of diseased sites. Mean GCF volume and MPO activity were calculated for all samples from healthy, gingivitis and periodontitis sites with GI 0, 1, 2 and 0+1. GCF volume. MPO/site and MPO/μI GCF all were greater at GI 2 than GI 0 or 0+1. These data indicate that increased GCF MPO previously observed at periodontitis sites is not specific to such sites. Rather increased GCF MPO likely occurs when additional polymorphonuclear leukocytes enter the sulcus as a result of gingival inflammation. A second sample was obtained from 22 sites 4 weeks after the initial collection. These samples were collected for 5 s rather than 30 s. The GCF volume, MPO/site and MPO//d GCF were each greater in samples collected for 30 s rather than 5 s. Correlation coefficients showed that the amount of GCF and MPO activity of the fluid collected for 5 s and 30 s was dependent upon the site even though the 5‐s and 30‐s samples were collected 4 weeks

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1989.tb01606.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe purpose of this investigation was to histologically determine the position of the periodontal probe tip when probing the deepest in terra dicular pocket depth in grade II and III facial molar furcation sites. Facial furcation pockets (5.8 mm+ 1.3) were probed with a pressure‐sensitive probe set at 50 g pressure. The probe tip was attached to the tooth with an acid etched composite resin. Surgical block biopsies were removed, fixed, decalcified and processed for histological sectioning. Buccolingual serial sections (6 μ) were cut from 9 biopsies and apicocoronal serial sections were cut from 3 biopsies. The sections were histometrically analyzed. The probe tip penetrated the inflamed furcation connective tissue an average depth of 2.1 mm (±0.6), The probe tip was located 0.4 mm (± 1.4) apical to the crest of the interradicular bone. The % of inflammatory cell infiltrate in the connective tissue (ICT) around the probe tip was 56% (± 15%). There was no correlation between the % of ICT and the depth of probe penetration. This investigation demonstrated that probing of untreated facial molar furcation sites does not measure the attachment level of the interradicular root surfaces, but rather records the depth of probe penetration into the inflamed furcation connective t

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1989.tb01607.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe rôle of gingival granulation tissue, dental calculus and contaminated root cementum in marginal periodontal formation of new attachment was studied experimentally after chemical conditioning of the root surfaces of premolars and molars in 8 monkeys. Each treatment procedure was carried out in 4 monkeys. The other 4 monkeys served as controls. A morphometrical method was used to evaluate the results. It was concluded that a significant amount of new attachment including formation of new adhering cementum will result only on chemically‐conditioned cementum surfaces. Small amounts of calculus or granulation tissue left in situ do not seem to influence healing, provided the cementum is left intact after chemical cleansi

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1989.tb01608.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe cleavage of complement may be an important immunopathologic mechanism in the development of gingival inflammation. Utilizing the experimental gingivitis model, cleavage of C3, C4 and B was assessed in gingival fluid following abstention from oral hygiene. 4 male dental students performed stringent oral hygiene measures until the gingival index approached 0, then refrained from any oral hygiene for 21 days. Gingival fluid, sampled with filter paper strips from the mesial surface of all maxillary premolars at 0, 7, 14, and 21 days, was assayed for C3, C4 and B cleavage by multilayer crossed‐immunoelectrophoresis. Clinical indices were assessed following gingivat fluid sampling. The subjects, who were plaque‐free (PI=0) at the beginning of the study, showed significant plaque accumulation at day 21 (87% of sites with PI ≥ 2). Approximately 90% of the sites were free from clinical inflammation (GI = 0) at the start, but gingivitis increased with time such that 25% of the sites had GI scores of 2 at day 21. Bleeding on probing to the base of the pocket was not observed at day 0, but was observed at 62% of sites by day 21. Statistical analyses showed that all 3 indices significantly increased with time. The %C3 cleavage increased from a mean of 24% at day 0, to 35%, 45% and then 57% at days 7, 14 and 21, respectively, and both days 14 and 21 demonstrated significantly greater C3 conversion than that seen at day 0. The Spearman rank‐order correlation coefficient for %C3 conversion versus time wasp‐0.52, significant at thep<0.0001 level. B cleavage to Bb was commonly seen, but C4 cleavage to C4c was never observed. Thus, during experimental gingivitis, %C3 cleavage significantly increased with plaque accumulation and resultant gingivitis, correlating with gingivitis atp= 0.64. These results suggest that cleavage of complement may be an important factor in the initiation of gingival inf

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1989.tb01609.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of Ornidazole as an adjunct to root planing in the therapy of patients suffering from recurrent periodontal disease. In 10 individuals who had previously been treated with scaling, root planing and periodontal surgery and who had followed a regular maintenance program including recall visits every 3‐5 months for 1–7 years, 2 sites with recurrent periodontitis and 1 shallow site were selected. Reinfected sites had a record of losing clinical attachment of more than 3 mm since the completion of initial therapy, were bleeding upon probing and had a mean pocket probing depth of 7.85 ± 1.31 mm. They had been reinstrumented several times by a registered dental hygienist, when clinical signs of recurrence of disease had appeared and the root surfaces were judged to be smooth and free of deposits. Clinical parameters were recorded and microbial samples were collected twice prior to retreatment. Then, 500 mg Ornidazole, to be taken twice a day for 10 days, was administered, and the whole dentition was thoroughly scaled and root planed. At day 10 as well as 2, 5, 8 and 11 months thereafter, samples were again obtained. At baseline, reinfected sites showed over 20% spirochetes, over 20% motile rods and over 9% fusiform organisms in darkfield preparations of subgingival plaque samples. Culturally, over 1/10 of organisms were identified as black pigmentingBacteroidesand in 18% of all baseline samples collected,B. gingivaliswas found. Immediately following therapy, total counts of bacteria were reduced to approximately 5% of the baseline counts and more than half of the bacteria were characterized as coccoid cells; Gram‐negative anaerobic rods were reduced to less than 3%. Among them, black ‐pigmentingBacteroides, were reduced below 1%.B. gingivaliscould no longer be detected. In the first weeks following therapy, most microbiological parameters showed a tendency to increase, but after some time, the microbiological situation appeared to reach a steady state and a statistically significant long‐term reduction of Gram‐negative rods, includingBacteroidesssp. persisted. These findings were paralleled by a significant decrease of pocket probing depth, no further loss of attachment and a decrease in bleeding tendency. These findings indicate that Ornidazole has an additional, beneficial clinical and microbiological effect when used as adjunct to mechanical re‐treatment of recurrent

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1989.tb01610.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to test the applicability of computer‐assisted densitometric image analysis (CADIA) for the quantitative assessment of alveolar bone density changes in furcations of multirooted teeth. In 21 patients, standardized radiographs were obtained immediately after and at 1, 6 and 12 months after periodontal flap procedures. Digitized images were obtained by means of a video‐camera combined with an image processor that was linked to a computer. Quantitative information regarding density changes within windows covering furcation areas was obtained after superimposition and grey‐level correction of images to be compared. 1 month after flap reflection, significantly more density loss was obtained in test furcations exposed to periodontal surgery, compared to the density changes in control furcation exposed to scaling and root planing. At 12 months, however, significantly greater increase in density was measured in test furcations compared to the 1‐month results. The radiographic data were compared to the clinical parameters. In test furcations, there was a negative correlation ofr=–0.52 between the GI and the loss in density at 1 month, and a negative correlation ofr=–0.61 between the loss in density at 6 months and the probing attachment level at 12 months. These results indicate that CADIA may give valuable additional diagnostic information regarding alveolar bone density changes in furcations in studies on periodon

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1989.tb01611.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA device for serial radiography in maxillary and mandibular premolar and molar regions was developed. Radiographs of 9 patients were made during a period of 1 year. When testing the device, the influence of the time interval between the radiographs and the influence of the construction of the device on the reproducibility of the X‐ray images were determined. An increase of the time interval between radiographs reduced the reproducibility. The use of bilateral bite blocks improved the reproducibility of the X‐ray images in comparison with the images obtained with a device with a one‐sided bite block. Errors in the reproducibility caused differences in the image geometry of radiographs. The in‐vivo‐found differences were studied for their effect on the detection threshold of observers using photographic subtraction radiography. An increase of the differences in image geometry between the radiographs resulted in a higher detection threshold and a higher % of false positive decisions. It appeared that very small differences between clinical radiographs, corresponding with an angulation error of 0.7°, can be tolerated in order to prevent the occurrence of high numbers of type‐I errors. The % of radiographs, which met this requirement and could be used for photographic subtraction radiography, was 55%, when taken at time interva

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1989.tb01612.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe relative changes with lime, in the position of the coronal margin of the mesial and distal bone of proximal, angular infrabony defects, were investigated. Tracings of the radiographs of 51 mandibular posterior sites, treated by flap curettage, with a mean post‐surgical duration of 11.8 years, were measured using a digitizer pad. The group consisting of shallow‐side sites (N= 51), exhibited no significant change in the bone height with time; however, there was a significant decrease in bone height in the deep‐side group (N =51). The mean area of proximal bone decreased significantly with time. The defects were divided into early (N= 25) and advanced (N= 26) angular groups, and then into deep‐ and shallow‐side subgroups. In the early defect group, there was a significant decrease in the mean bone height of the deep‐side subgroup. There were no differences in the changes of mean bone level of the remaining 3 subgroups with time. There was no correlation between changes in bone levels of adjacent mesial and distal sides of angular defects with time (r= 0.27). There was no difference between the deep‐ and shallow‐side groups in the number of sites which gained, lost or evidenced no change in bone height. In the study population, the bone height of 73% of the deep‐side, and 84% of the shallow‐side sites was either unchanged or in a more coronal position. The findings indicate that: (1) progressive bone resorption appears to be localized at the deep‐side of the early angular defect; (2) bone heights of adjacent proximal deep and shallow sides of angular defects appear to be independent; (3) the deep side of a proximal angular delect does not pose a threat to the bone height of the adjacent shallow side; (4) bone loss in the majority of proximal angular defects can be

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1989.tb01613.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY