ISSN:0271-0749    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;Amantadine was given to 11 psychotic patients, concurrently on neuroleptic medications, who required treatment of neuroleptic‐induced extrapyramidal side effects. Five of the 11 patients suffered from galactorrhea, and all of these reported improvement in their galactorrhea on amantadine. Plasma prolactin levels were measured in eight of the 11 subjects, and there was a significant decrease in these levels for the group. Presumably these effects are due to amantadine's properties as a dopamine agonist and suggest a possible use of amantadine in the treatment of neuroleptic‐in‐duced galactorrhea.

ISSN:0271-0749    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;A comparison of the effects of lithium, haloperidol, and placebo on cognition is reported for a sample of hospitalized school‐age children with a behavioral profile of aggressiveness and explosiveness. In this double‐blind study, patients were randomly assigned to one of three treatment conditions. The cognitive battery was administered at the end of a 2‐week placebo baseline period and again after 4 weeks of treatment. It included a simple reaction time (RT) task with preparatory intervals of 1, 4, and 8 seconds, the Porteus Mazes, and the Matching Familiar Figures Test.Drug effects on cognition, when found, were mild. Slower and more variable RTs were found on the RT task in the haloperidol group (mean dose, 3.1 mg/day), particularly at the 4‐ and 8‐second preparatory intervals in comparison to placebo. This appeared to reflect decreased ability to hold a preparatory set. No other effects of haloperidol on cognitive performance were found. Lithium carbonate (mean dose, 1150 mg/day) caused a deterioration in qualitative performance on the Porteus Maze Test when compared with haloperidol but had no effect on test quotient scores or on the other cognitive measures. Results are discussed in terms of dose effects and the influences of task demands. This is part of a study critically assessing the effects of lithium and haloperidol on behavioral symptoms and other parameters.

ISSN:0271-0749    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;Psychotropic drugs, often given in combination with each other or with other nonpsychiatric drugs, generally exert profound effects on central and peripheral neurotransmitter and ionic mechanisms. Hence, prior intake of these drugs is an important consideration in the management of the patient about to undergo anesthesia and surgery. This article reviews the effects of anesthetics on patients taking antipsychotics, tricyclic antidepressants, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, and lithium carbonate.

ISSN:0271-0749    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;Disulfiram and calcium carbimide are widely used alcohol deterrents. Their safe use, however, requires a knowledge of their pharmacology, toxicity, and interactions with alcohol and other drugs. The absorption, metabolism, and elimination of these compounds are described, as is the mechanism of their reaction with ethanol. The effects and limitations of the interaction between ethanol and disulfiram and calcium carbimide are discussed. Four areas of concern regarding toxicity are discussed, including medical complications of the reactions with alcohol, toxicity associated with repeated doses of disulfiram or calcium carbimide, possible interactions with other drugs, and acetaldehyde‐induced hepatotoxicity and cardiotoxicity.

ISSN:0271-0749    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;This article reviews the use of lithium from Roman times, when physicians first recommended alkaline springs in the treatment of mania, to the present. Serious interest in lithium began in 1949, with a report of improvement of mania in 10 of 10 patients. Since then, lithium has become increasingly popular both for treating acute mania and as a prophylactic agent. Its use in depression is also described. Finally, lithium's clinical spectrum is discussed, noting that its use extends far beyond the treatment of mania.

ISSN:0271-0749    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0271-0749    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0271-0749    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0271-0749    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0271-0749    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID