ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The acute effect of cotton dust on respiratory function was assessed. Respiratory questionnaires, preshift and postshift pulmonary function testing and air sampling were completed for 176 cotton textile workers and 33 controls. The results showed a dose-response relationship between vertical elutriator dust measurements and change in forced expiratory volume at 1 s (FEV1) over the work shift. Dust levels of 0.2 mg/m3or less were not associated with significant acute falls in FEV1.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Lymphocyte sister chromatid exchange (SCE) frequencies were determined for 12 long-term coke oven workers and 12 other age-matched steelworkers with no coke oven work exposure. All study participants were nonsmokers. The exposed group had a mean of 28.9 years' exposure to the coke oven emissions. SCE frequencies for the exposed individuals ranged from 7.97 to 11.20 SCEs per cell while the control individuals ranged from 6.73 to 10.60 SCEs per cell. The mean SCE frequency for the exposed group was 9.54 ± SD 1.15 SCEs per cell, and was 14% higher than the 8.35 ± SD 1.09 SCEs per cell of the control group (p = .016). The long-term exposure to coke oven emissions experienced by the coke oven workers may be the explanation for this small difference.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A significant proportion of diagnostic medical procedures are used in response to public or private policy rather than in response to an individual patient-physician interaction. We have studied the system whereby such policies are developed and implemented in the case of employment-related chest and lumbar spine roentgenograms, which were found to account for about 11% of the total use of diagnostic radiographs in the state of Michigan. We observed that factors influencing formulation of policy are diverse and largely nonmedical, organizational policies developed in similar environments are often very dissimilar and are highly subject to external influence, and perceptions of policy success and examination utility are typically subjective and uncertain. It is concluded that considerable opportunity exists to enhance the efficacy of such radiographic examinations through leverage provided by their policy-driven nature.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The purpose of this study was to examine possible mechanisms of the obstructive and restrictive ventilatory defects of grain elevator workers. We found that grain handlers whose skin tests were positive to grain or fungal antigens had no excess of respiratory symptoms or pulmonary function abnormalities. Also, those having a possible work-related repiratory problem showed no response to inhalation challenge tests with grain dust extract. In addition, grain handlers exhibited neither an increase in positive serum precipitin tests with fungal antigens nor abnormal serum levels of C3 and C4, C-reactive protein, rheumatoid factor or antinuclear factor. However, their serum a1-antitrypsin level was elevated. The latter finding may be indicative of a pulmonary inflammatory process, but we have found no clear indication of a type 1 or 3 allergic state in grain elevator workers.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The mortality and cancer incidence experience of 4,106 employees in a nuclear fuels fabrication plant was evaluated in this retrospective cohort study. Standardized mortality (SMR) and incidence ratios were calculated for groups of employees holding different jobs in the company associated with various types of industrial exposures and with low levels of radiation. Connecticut population mortality rates and Connecticut Tumor Registry incidence rates, specific for age-sex, calendar year and cause of death or cancer site, were used for the calculation of expected rates. Results showed the SMR for all male employees to be significantly lower than expected for all causes and what would be expected for all cancer deaths. More deaths were observed than expected from diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system and from obstructive pulmonary disease. The overall cancer incidence experience of the male employees was significantly lower than expected; cancer of the brain was found to be significantly higher than expected among the industrial employees. These was no risk associated with any particular job exposure group. Log linear models analysis showed no significant effect from industrial and radiation exposures or from their combined influence.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID