摘要:

Since 1980, defined benefit plans have steadily lost market share to defined contribution plans. In 1979, defined contribution plans had 17 percent of the primary pension market. By 1988, it was 34 percent. About half of the shift is attributable to a loss of employment in large unionized firms where defined benefit plans are used intensively. But evidence of large changes in preferences is also found in the data. One likely explanation is the introduction of a new variety of defined contribution plans, so‐called 401(k)s. These pension plans have productivity traits that make them more effective competition for defined benefit plan

ISSN:0019-8676    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-232X.1995.tb00357.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The authors analyze the effect of school, student, and teacher characteristics on teacher effort, as measured by homework frequency and time put in at home. Although teacher autonomy and “professionalism” have little effect on effort, teachers' academic backgrounds matter. Teachers who are assigned higher‐achieving students also put in more effort, a response to student ability as well as a consequence of staffing such classes with harder‐working inst

ISSN:0019-8676    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-232X.1995.tb00358.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The legal rules for assigning liability for the costs of accidents penalize petrochemical plants that exercise direct control over contract employees. Evidence from diverse sources indicates that these liability rules lead plant management to give primary responsibility for the safety training and supervision of contract employees to contractors. However, analysis of the determinants of accidents suggests that host plants offer more effective safety training and supervision than do contractors. It follows that accident rates in the petrochemical industry would be reduced if liability rules were altered so that host plants had greater incentives to take primary responsibility for the safety training and supervision of contract workers.

ISSN:0019-8676    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-232X.1995.tb00359.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Recent research correlated share price declines in financial markets with union organizing. Investors seemingly anticipate a redistribution of earnings away from shareholder returns toward employee compensation. The markets discount security prices accordingly. But were that the case, union decertification activity should correlate with persistent, abnormally high returns on equity investments. Failure to find returns that are both abnormally high and persistent invites an alternative explanation that is consistent with the data from both studies. This study finds that firms that retained union representation in decertification cases actually outperformed those that ousted the bargaining agent in a partitioned sample comparison.

ISSN:0019-8676    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-232X.1995.tb00360.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0019-8676    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-232X.1995.tb00361.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Workers' compensation experience rating is presumed to create a financial incentive for employers to make investments that are expected to reduce the incidence and severity of work place injuries. However, the impact of experience rating may be more comprehensive, encouraging firms to take otehr actions that can reduce their workers' compensation costs. One of these actions that has raised concern is employer appeals of worker's compensation board decisions. Based on data from Ontario, we find strong evidence that, although the total volume of employer appeals is not large, experience‐rated employers are more likely to appeal than are non‐experience‐rated employers. To our knowledge, this is the first empirical study to examine the relationship between experience rating and employer appeals; a gap in the literature is noted by Ehrenberg (

ISSN:0019-8676    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-232X.1995.tb00362.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Based on analysis of industry by region data the author finds little evidence that U.S. unions have been a significant factor in the decision of U.S. firms to produce abroad. In effect, the composition of U.S. foreign production does not appear to be drawn from U.S. industries with especially high domestic unionization. Corresponding with previous research, the research do indicate that monopoly power, foreign tariffs and barriers, and the size and distance of foreign markets and important determinants of U.S. foreign production.

ISSN:0019-8676    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-232X.1995.tb00363.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Cold war in the working class: the rise and decline of the United Electrical workers. By Ronald L. Filippelli and Mark D. McColloch.Common Sense for Uncommon Times: The Power of Balance in Work, Family, and Personal Life. By Mark S. Guterman.From Downsizing to Recovery: Strategic Use of the Outplacement Option.By Richard Knowdell, Elizabeth Branstead, and Milan Moravec.Heroes of Unwritten Story: The UAW, 1934–39.By Henry Fruas.Internal Company Investigations and the Employment Relationship.By Warren Freedman.Labor Economics and Industrial Relations: Markets and Institutions.Edited by Clark Kerr and Paul D. Staudohar.New Frontiers in European Industrial Relations.Edited by Anthony Ferner and Richard Hyman.The New Left and Labor in the 1960s.By Peter B. Levy.Roberts' Dictionary of Industrial Relations.Prepared by the Industrial Relations Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Joyce M. Najita, Director.Studies in Labour Economics.Edited by Erkin I. Bairam.Waterfront Workers of New Orleans: Race, Class, and Politicsl 1863–1993.By Eric Arne

ISSN:0019-8676    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-232X.1995.tb00364.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY