摘要:

The Principles of policy predominant in a number of Western countries have moved in recent years from collectivism toward acquisitive individualism. This paper examines the causes, from the standpoint of the United Kingdom. It asks how collectivism originally gained its hold, and why a reaction to it set in. Public opinion and policy was changed by rising standards of living and new patterns of working life. Hence a dissolution of the labor movement.

ISSN:0019-8676    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-232X.1990.tb00738.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Union representation elections are associated with significant declines in firm profitability. In addition to the significant mean effect of union elections on the equity value of firms, there exists substantial variation in the magnitude of equity losses across individual election events. Cross‐sectional variation in shareholder equity losses can be explained by the labor intensity of the firm, the size of the union wage premium and fraction of workers organized in “the firm's industry,.” the presence or absencse of right‐to‐work lows in the state where the election is held, the member of workers covered in the representaion election, and the number of previous union representation election in the firm. The empirical results indiacte the equity losses are the greatest in industries where union wage gain are the highest and unionization rates are the largest, and in the most labor‐intensive firms, independent of the size of the bargaining unit involved in the election. The latter result indicates the presence of union spillo

ISSN:0019-8676    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-232X.1990.tb00739.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Data from 821 colleges and universities were used to examine the determinants of the degree of wage dispersion in a set of more than 70 high‐level university positions. Salary dispersion was positively related to the amount of dispersion in job tenure, private control, and type of institution (two‐year college, four‐year college, or university). Salary dispersion was negatively related to the proportion of administrative positions filled by insiders and to homogeneity in gender composition. The number of administrative positions (an index of the degree of specialization) increases dispersion when the positions were of a general administrative nature but decreased dispersion when position proliferation was related to the core activities of teaching and res

ISSN:0019-8676    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-232X.1990.tb00740.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The problem investigated in this paper is the economic interpretation of federal wages comparability laws. We show that estimating wages differentials to test whether federal wages comport with the law is more complex than typically treated in the literature. Although the issue is largely one of the econometric interpretation, it addresses the central question of which private sector workers should be compared to federal workers. We demonstrate the determining which explanatory variables in the wage regression equation are job‐descriptive and which are skill‐descriptive defines the comparison gr

ISSN:0019-8676    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-232X.1990.tb00741.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Despite “unlimited labor” and political repression, real average wages in South Korea have risen rapidly, possibly faster than in any previous industrialization—including Japan's—or in any contemporary one. This study suggests that the process of industrializing late though learning, which has been especially intense in Korea, coupled with that country's special institutions, underlie the spectacular wages increases. The analysis also highlights the unique skill‐set of late industrialization that high wag

ISSN:0019-8676    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-232X.1990.tb00742.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper critically examines the use of the earnings distribution of net employment gains in the analysis of “new jobs.” The paper explains why this measure of economic performance is not robust and why it can be misleading. Alternative analyses, based on industry and/or accupation, are more robust and may be more informative. Illustrative results show that the new job growth has been concentrated in industries with generally lower wages than the industries where jobs have been l

ISSN:0019-8676    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-232X.1990.tb00743.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study assess the relationship between plant economic performance and job classifications, using data from a large, unionized, automobile manufacturer. Combining skilled and semi‐skilled job classifications leads to small improvements in economic performance, while reductions in the member of assembly job classifications affect neither plant productivity nor plant quality. The data also reveal that classification reductions predict plant modernization, although the magnitude of this effect varies with the occupational grou

ISSN:0019-8676    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-232X.1990.tb00744.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A survey of unemployed workers was undertaken to determine these individuals' union membership preference. Standard probit specifications reveal that those unemployed workers more likely to require a union position to return to work include female, minorities, workers with greater experience, and those with higher reservation wages. However, both the duration of unemployment and the perception of widespread unemployment lower the likelihood of such a requirement. These results are consistent with the wage and tenure effects of unions and with the influence of unemployment characteristics on job search.

ISSN:0019-8676    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-232X.1990.tb00745.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper examines the importance of various facets of satisfaction with union representation in determining overall satisfaction with the union. Samples of union members from Iowa and Sweden are used in the analysis. The results clearly support the view that member–union relations is a major determinant of overall satisfaction with union representatio

ISSN:0019-8676    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-232X.1990.tb00746.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study examines factors underlying arbitrators' decisions in disputes involving subcontracting. A framework devised by Dash (1963) is used to code arbitration decisions according to the issues arbitrators raised in reaching their conclusions. In addition, external factors such as geographical location, background of the arbitrator, industry, and when the decision occurred are evaluated. The results of logit analyses indicate that Dash's framework explains much of the variance in the arbitrators' decisions. External factors are unrelated to the decisions.

ISSN:0019-8676    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-232X.1990.tb00747.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY