摘要:

This paper argues that new technology, the recession, and changing condition in the world market have transformed the ogranization of work and the system of industrial relations in many European countries. Many show a tendency toward decentralized collective bargaining at he firm level. the growing strength of workers' representative at the firm level has weakend the highly centralized bargaining systems (corporatism) which have contributed much to the stability of industrial relations. Case studies, one of west German works councils and one of Italian labormanagement committees, support the argument.

ISSN:0019-8676    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-232X.1989.tb00719.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study examines the longitudinal effects of unionization on employment levels in 13, 749 departments of city and county government with unchanged union status between 1977 and 1982. The resluts demonstrate that, holding constant 1977 employment per capita, 1982 employment pr capita is 3.1 per cent higher in departments with bargaining units, compared to nonunion department. Employment levels in departments with nonbargaining associations are equal to nonunion levels, but associations may increase employment relative to levels employers would choose because they also set compensation above nonunion levels. The political context of local public sector employment is probably responsible for these effects.

ISSN:0019-8676    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-232X.1989.tb00720.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper presents a model in which production technology (scale and capital‐intensity) explains interindustry differences in the earnings of workers with similar skill in similarly attrative jobs. The empirical analysis shows that manufacturing industires fall into three segments with broadly similar production technologies, and that prodcut market and employment characteristics vary as expected across these segments. Capital intensity and job‐skill requirements are found to have positive wage effects for the full set of industries, but the resluts by segment suggest that the capital‐intensity effect increases, and the skill effects decreases, with the capital‐intensity of pro

ISSN:0019-8676    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-232X.1989.tb00721.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Each year during the eighties, plant closings in the U.S. displaced roughly one‐half million workers with three‐plus years on the job. The recent data and empirical research reviewed here show that wage cuts lower only slightly the probability that a plant will close. Average earnings losses due to long spells of unemployment and to subsequent reduced wages are substantial. Minorities suffer an above‐average rate of displacement, but their earnings losses are not unusually high. Women and older workers are no more likely than others to become displaced or to suffer greater earnings losses, but high‐tenure workers lo

ISSN:0019-8676    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-232X.1989.tb00722.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A review of the literature on the empirical effects of advance notification of plant closings (voluntary and mandated), including the authors' recent study using data drawn from the 1984 Survey of Displaced Workers. suggests that advance notice reduces the probalility that displaced workers suffer any spells of unemployment and may also moderated temporary increases in area unemployment rates. There is little evidence of adverse effects of advance notice, either to workers or to firms. The implications for public policy are discussed.

ISSN:0019-8676    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-232X.1989.tb00723.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper examines changes in the public‐private sector wage gap in Canada between 1970 and 1980. The results show that the gross earnings advantage of both male and female government employees rose over the decade. For men, the increase was largely attributable to improved wage‐determining characteristics, especially education, experience, and occupational distribution. For women, the increase occurred mainly because of a rise in economic rents in the form of a constant wage prem

ISSN:0019-8676    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-232X.1989.tb00724.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The importance of temporary layoffs in measured unemployment has not been solidly established empirically. Clark and Summers (1 979) maintain that these separations account for only a small fraction of U.S. unemployment. Administrative data analyzed in this paper show that temporay layoffs are an important feature of the Canadian labor market. Approximately 35 per cent of the variation in the Canadian unemployment rate over time can be accounted for by changes in temporary layoffs and about 45 per cent by variations in all temporary employment separations.

ISSN:0019-8676    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-232X.1989.tb00725.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study, utilizing data from the 1977 Quality of Employment Survey, finds important differences in the way labor is managed among unionized and nonunion workers, as well as among unorganized workers who are willing to vote for unionization and those who are not. Furthermore, components of “bureaucratic control” are found to inhibit unionization and the desire to unionize. The effect of these labor management mechanisms persists even in a structural model of the determinants of unionizat

ISSN:0019-8676    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-232X.1989.tb00726.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A survey of union organizers (N = 97) was conducted to determine the extent to which new organizing issues and tactics are being used to help offset declining union membership. Results indicate that grievance procedures, job security, improved benefits, and higher pay are the most commonly stressed issues in organizing campaigns. The two tactics used most often are small groups and literature distribution. Organizers working in industries with a larger percentage of female workers differ significantly from other organizers in the use of certain tactics and issues. Overall, however, there does not seem to be much change in either organizing tactics or issues.

ISSN:0019-8676    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-232X.1989.tb00727.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY