ISSN:1049-2275    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This study retrospectively evaluated the stability of Le Fort I maxillary advancements and compared segmental and one-piece maxillary osteotomy procedures. A cephalometric analysis was performed on 26 cases of maxillary advancement. The sample comprised 11 cases of one-piece and 15 cases of segmental maxillary procedures. The tracings were superimposed and digitized by computer software, and the skeletal changes were analyzed before surgery, immediately after surgery, and at a minimum of 1 year of follow-up. Different values were compared by the paired and nonpairedttests and were correlated by the Pearson correlation test. The significant value was set at a 95% confidence interval. The maxilla was advanced by a mean of 5.0 ± 1.6 mm (P< 0.001), and the anterior maxilla was repositioned inferiorly by a mean of 1.5 ± 3.3 mm (P< 0.05). The maxilla relapsed posteriorly by a mean of 0.6 ± 1.2 mm (P< 0.05) and superiorly at the anterior maxilla by a mean of 0.8 ± 1.1 mm (P< 0.001). Overjet and overbite did not significantly change (P> 0.05). It was concluded that maxillary advancement using rigid fixation and interpositional bone grafting in both groups was a stable procedure, particularly in the horizontal plane. In the one-piece group, there was a significantly higher relapse in the vertical plane than in the segmental group (P< 0.05), however. Minor skeletal relapse was compensated for by postoperative tooth movement, and segmental procedures are recommended when required to enhance occlusal results.

ISSN:1049-2275    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

In this study, 500 frontal and supraorbital transcranial passages were studied in 50 cadavers and 200 crania of 500 samples. One hundred six specimens had a frontal foramen (notch), and all the samples had a supraorbital foramen (notch). The frontal passage was a foramen in 7 samples and a notch in 99 samples. As for the supraorbital passage, it was found as a foramen in 133 of specimens and as a notch in 358 of specimens. In 9 of the specimens, there were double notches or foramina. The distances from the foramina (notches) to angulus oculi medialis were measured in the cadavers. The average distance from the angulus oculi medialis to the frontal foramen (notch) was 4.50 mm, and the average distance to the supraorbital foramen (notch) was 9.87 mm. The distances from the foramina (notches) to the midline were measured in the crania. The average distances from the midline to the frontal foramen (notch) and the supraorbital foramen (notch) were 20.24 mm and 25.23 mm, respectively. The average distance between the frontal foramen (notch) and supraorbital foramen (notch) was 5.37 mm in cadavers and 4.99 mm in crania. In 200 crania, the distances of the frontal and supraorbital transcranial passages to the midline were measured. Types of these passages were also evaluated, and frequencies were calculated. Measurements were made using a digital compass, and the studentttest was used in the statistical evaluation of results.

ISSN:1049-2275    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The study's aim was to provide the normal range data on 81 anthropometric proportion indices of the craniofacial complex, separately in boys and girls between 1 and 5 years of age, supplementary to the previously published normal proportion values of the North American white population from 6 to 18 years of age. In the first age group, 17 or 18 boys and 18 or 22 girls were measured. In each age group between 2 and 5 years old, 30 boys and 30 or 31 girls were examined. The normal values of the 81 proportion indices were established with the help of 45 measurements (7 cranial, 13 facial, 4 orbital, 12 nasal, 7 labio-oral, and 2 auricular) taken from 287 healthy children. The data on the normal indices were reported in two groups: areal and interareal. The areal proportions are formed by taking measurements from one particular craniofacial region. Proportions indicating the quality of relation of measurements taken from two craniofacial regions were classified as interareal (N = 36). The basic proportions (N = 13) of the areal one show the relation between the measurements influencing the general view of each craniofacial region. The detailed analysis of the proportionality in the individual regions, carried out with the help of the other measurements within the regions, established 36 additional areal proportion indices. The recommended method of examination is to start with the basic proportions, which offers the determination of the most and least disproportionate craniofacial region, followed by a more comprehensive search for other disproportions with the help of the additional areal proportions (N = 36) and interareal proportions (N = 32).

ISSN:1049-2275    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Oxycephaly is associated with raised intracranial pressure as a result of the fusion of multiple cranial sutures. We have performed an effective and less invasive cranial expansion by means of three-dimensional cranial distraction for the treatment of oxycephaly with suspicion of increased intracranial pressure. We describe two oxycephaly cases and the surgical technique of three-dimensional cranial expansion using distraction osteogenesis.

ISSN:1049-2275    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The parotid gland is the salivary gland most commonly affected by inflammation. The most common pathogens associated with acute bacterial parotitis are Staphylococcus aureus and anaerobic bacteria. The predominant anaerobes include gram-negative bacilli (including pigmented Prevotella and Porphyromonas spp.), Fusobacterium spp., and Peptostreptococcus spp. Streptococcus spp. (including S. pneumoniae) and gram-negative bacilli (including Escherichia coli) have also been reported. Gram-negative organisms are often seen in hospitalized patients. Organisms less frequently found are Arachnia, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Treponema pallidum, cat-scratch bacillus, and Eikenella corrodens. Mycobacterium tuberculosis and atypical mycobacteria are rare causes of parotitis. Therapy includes maintenance of hydration and administration of parenteral antimicrobial therapy. Once an abscess has formed surgical drainage is required. The choice of antimicrobial depends on the etiologic agent. Maintenance of good oral hygiene, adequate hydration, and early and proper therapy of bacterial infection of the oropharynx may reduce the occurrence of suppurative parotitis.

ISSN:1049-2275    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Unilateral aplasia of the nose is a rare congenital malformation. It is often associated with other malformations of the facial region, including abnormalities of the eye and lacrimal system, proboscis lateralis, and facial bone malformations. The authors present a case of heminasal aplasia in a 4-year-old boy who underwent surgery immediately after birth because of right-sided proboscis lateralis. A huge hemispheric tumefaction was occupying a large part of the right orbit, medial canthus, and frontonasal region of the face, causing lateroinferior protrusion of the eyeball. The right half of the external nose was aplastic. The patient was operated on by an external approach. The pathohistological findings from the top of tumefaction revealed cystic teratoma. The possible backgrounds for the onset of the tumefaction are discussed in two main directions: the cystic form of the regrowth of the remnants of inadequately excised proboscis lateralis and cystic teratoma of the ethmoidal sinus.

ISSN:1049-2275    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A case is reported in which a unilateral parotid gland cystadenolymphoma was combined with actinomycosis. A 48-year-old woman presented with a mass in the left parotid region and paresis of the lower left palpebra. The computed tomography, echography, and parotid radiographic findings did not exclude a neoplasm of the left parotid gland. The ramus of the mandible was involved in the process. Intraoperative freezing histology, total parotidectomy, and partial mandibulectomy were performed, with sacrifice of the facial nerve followed by nerve reconstruction. The final histological evaluation was Warthin tumor with actinomycosis. Four years after treatment, the patient is free of disease. No similar cases seem to have been reported thus far.

ISSN:1049-2275    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Bell palsy is a condition resulting from a peripheral edematous compression on the nervous fibers of the facial nerve. This pathological condition often has clinical characteristics of no importance and spontaneously disappears in a short time in a high percentage of cases. Facial palsy concerning cranial nerve VII can also be caused by other conditions such as mastoid fracture, acoustic neurinoma, tumor spread to the temporal lobe (e.g., cholesteatoma), neoformation of the parotid gland, Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome, and Ramsay-Hunt syndrome. Therefore, it is important to adopt an accurate diagnostic technique allowing the rapid detection of Bell palsy and the exclusion of causes of facial paralysis requiring surgical treatment. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with medium contrast of the skull shows a marked increase in revealing lesions, even of small dimensions, inside the temporal bone and at the cerebellopontine angle. The authors present a clinical case to show the important role played by gadolinium MRI in reaching a diagnosis of Bell palsy in the differential diagnosis of the various conditions that determine paralysis of the facial nerve and in selecting the most suitable treatment or surgery to be adopted.

ISSN:1049-2275    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A posttraumatic open bite associated with a bird face is reported. Condylectomy was indicated in relation to the plurifragmentary fracture of the condyles with limitation of mandibular movement. Condylectomies were mandatory as a result of delayed maxillofacial surgical treatment, which was related to the poor general condition of the patient after trauma. Functional disorder recovery and aesthetic deformity correction were planned by a team approach between orthodontists and maxillofacial surgeons with the support of a logopedist for the postural-related muscle problems. The main practical and theoretical problems presented by the clinical case were a result of the need to restore the occlusal relations and to avoid recurrence of open bite in this patient. The patient presented a wide alteration of muscular function and a strength fibrotic retraction with alteration in the relationship between upper and lower jaws and retrusion of the mandible associated to open bite. Orthodontic treatment was carried with no impact on the upper and lower axis, avoiding orthodontic correction of the open bite. Surgery corrected both the open bite and the bird face by means of bilateral sagittal split osteotomies. Wiring of the mandibular osteotomies and intermaxillary fixation allowed positioning of the mandibular ramus bilaterally because of the fibrosis and muscular action–related forces without resulting in a similar rotation of the mandible with the risk of recurrence. Myotherapy and logopedic support minimized the risk of recurrence, improved reduction of muscular tension with the resolution of the lip incompetence, and allowed functional recovery of mandibular movements.

ISSN:1049-2275    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID