ISSN:0905-7188    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0838.1995.tb00001.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Major advancement in arthroscopic equipment and techniques has extended the ability of large joint arthroscopy to be performed in smaller joints. Although wrist arthroscopy is performed in small numbers, the same advantages are afforded as in large joint procedures. It provides important diagnostic information and therapeutic intervention, while avoiding the significant morbidity of open techniques. Patients with mechanical wrist pain are the best candidates for arthroscopy to evaluate ligamentous injuries or triangular fibrocartilage complex injuries. Arthroscopy is also an effective tool in the evaluation and treatment of intra‐articular distal radius fractures and is particularly useful in radial styloid fractures. Wrist arthroscopy is a technically demanding procedure. However, it remains a safe and effective method for diagnosis and treatment if performed using a precise technique and if the surgeon has a precise understanding of the anatomy of the wris

ISSN:0905-7188    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0838.1995.tb00002.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Arthroscopy has become an important tool in the hands of orthopedic surgeons during the last decades. The hip joint is difficult to approach because it is located deep within the soft tissues covering it, thus decreasing the maneuverability of the instruments. With modern techniques, however, most of the joint space can be visualized. Today, there are several indications for hip arthroscopy and arthroscopic surgery to this joint. The surgical approach is usually made through 3 portals, one directly anterior, and two 2 cm proximal to the tip of the greater trochanter, one anteriorly and the other posteriorly. With a traction force of between 200 and 400 N applied to the leg, the joint space can be widened 5 to 10 mm, allowing space for visualization and surgical instruments. With good surgical technique, the complications are few, and the procedure produces little postoperative morbidity.

ISSN:0905-7188    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0838.1995.tb00003.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The activation patterns of the psoas and iliacus muscles were investigated in 7 healthy adult subjects (4 men and 3 women) during a variety of motor tasks in standing, sitting and lying. Myoelectric activity was recorded simultaneously from the 2 muscles using thin wire electrodes inserted under guidance of high‐resolution ultrasound. In general, both muscles were coactivated, albeit to different relative levels, particularly when hip flexor torque was required. Selective activation of the iliacus could, however, be seen to stabilize the pelvis in contralateral hip extension during standing. Psoas was found to be selectively involved in sitting with a straight back and in contralateral loading situations requiring stabilization of the spine in the frontal plane. During training exercises from a supine position, such as sit‐ups, the contribution of the psoas and iliacus muscles could be varied by changing the range of motion as well as the position and support for the legs. Thus, the 2 anatomically different muscles of the iliopsoas complex were shown to have individual and taskspecific activation patterns depending on the particular demands for stability and movement at the lumbar spine, pelvis and

ISSN:0905-7188    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0838.1995.tb00004.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Ten young beagle dogs were run on a treadmill for 1 year, the last 15 weeks 40 km/day. Thereafter bone anthropometric variables, elemental composition, mineral density (BMD) and serum markers of bone metabolism were analyzed and compared with matched‐paired control dogs. More osteophytes developed, weight‐bearing bones grew larger and BMD of axial skeleton was reduced in the trained group. Zinc and sodium accumulated in bones of the runners. Zinc correlated negatively with BMD. Serum osteocalcin and C‐terminal propeptide of type I procollagen did not correlate with the observed differences in BMD. This experiment implies that intensive endurance training in adolescence may reduce the peak bone mass and alter the structural properties of

ISSN:0905-7188    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0838.1995.tb00005.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Functional tests are used to determine functional limitations in patients with anterior cruciate ligament injuries. The reproducibility of 4 such functional tests was determined in 21 normal athletes. The athletes performed the four functional tests (figure 8, vertical jump, triple jump test and stairs hopple tests) twice, with an interval of mean 3.9 weeks (1–7 weeks). The reliability of the tests was determined from each tests' coefficient of variation (CV). The figure 8 test showed a significant difference between the 2 performances and the variation from test I to test II. The CV values ranged from 2.0% for the triple jump test to 7.7% for the vertical jump test. These findings do not support the reliability of the figure 8 test and the vertical jump test, but do support the reliability of the triple jump test and the stairs hopple tes

ISSN:0905-7188    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0838.1995.tb00006.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Fifty‐nine people, 31 healthy subjects with no previous knee injuries and 28 who had undergone an intra‐articular anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction 6–12 months prior to testing took part in the study. The subjects were randomly tested bilaterally on a Cybex 6000 isokinetic testing device (ITD) and on an ordinary leg extension bench (LEB). Strength and endurance were tested with both methods. The linear relationships for paired strength and endurance differences between ITD and LEB were found to be acceptable for the operated group. The LEB alone explained 57% and 38% of the ITD outcome for strength and endurance, respectively. The agreement between observed and predicted ITD values based on the LEB measurements was found satisfactory with a positive standardized agreement index. This indicates that the LEB can be used as a helpful tool in evaluation of quadriceps muscle strength def

ISSN:0905-7188    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0838.1995.tb00007.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The purpose of this investigation was to study adherence to exercise, pelvic floor muscle (PFM) function and strength and patient satisfaction 5 years after cessation of organized PFM exercise for stress urinary incontinence. All 23 women who had taken part in an “intensive exercise group” in a randomized trial 5 years ago participated in the follow‐up study. Structured interview, vaginal palpation and vaginal squeeze pressure were used to assess the condition, PFM function and muscle strength, respectively. Seventy percent of the women were exercising the PFM once a week or more often. Two women were not able to correctly contract the PFM. Mean PFM strength was 18.1 cm H2O. Three had undergone surgery since the initial study. Sixty‐one percent were satisfied with their co

ISSN:0905-7188    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0838.1995.tb00008.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

From September 1988 to June 1990, 35 athletes were treated for medial tibial stress syndrome (shin splint) by fasciotomy of the superficial posterior compartment of the leg. Thirty‐two patients were available for the follow‐up, including self‐assessment, clinical examination and activity scoring. The mean postoperative observation time was 16 months. Thirteen patients were performing sports at top international or top national level; 19 patients were competing at different lower levels. Twenty‐three patients improved, 7 were unchanged and 2 had poor

ISSN:0905-7188    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0838.1995.tb00009.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The injuries sustained in 6 national karate competitions in Finland were studied by analyzing data from 450 bouts during the season 1991–1992. The analyzed data included a personal interview with each competitor and detailed information on the bouts and any injuries sustained. The overall probability of injury was 0.28 per bout. These injuries occurred to 16% of the 647 competitors. Occurrence of injury was greatest among adult men, which was pronounced in final bouts. Of all injuries diagnosed by the physicians for the competitions, more than 95% were localized to the head. The majority of these were minor injuries. Experienced competitors were more injury‐prone than beginners. On the other hand, none of the background factors studied significantly affected the probability of injuring one's opponent. Most injuries and penalties, as well as full scores, were caused by direct punches to the head. From these findings it was concluded that a protective guard for the head together with modification of competition rules could significantly reduce injur

ISSN:0905-7188    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0838.1995.tb00010.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY