摘要:

AbstractResearch contributes to the public good and public support is required in order to attain a socially optimum level of investment in research. However, the extremely high rate of returns to rice research in Japan provides evidence that an underinvestment in agricultural research is typical. Financing rice research out of government tax revenue is rationalized in terms of its contribution to the national goal of economic development.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1238834

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA framework is developed to estimate the social profitability of export subsidies. The approach indicates whether a definite gain has been obtained even though the new equilibrium is not a first best. A method is provided for measuring consumer surplus when the demand curve shifts as a consequence of the policy. The technique is applied to selected agricultural exports from Ghana. It is found that while the subsidies would be profitable there would also be a heavy fiscal burden associated with the subsidies even though the subsidy scheme may be partly self‐financing.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1238835

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractRidge regression is a promising alternative to deletion of relevant variables for alleviating multicollinearity and can provide smaller mean square error estimates than unbiased methods such as OLS. However, ridge estimates can also be unreliable and misleading under certain conditions. To avoid erroneous conclusions from ridge regression, some prior knowledge about the true regression coefficients is helpful. A theorem on expected bias implies that ridge regression will give much better results for some economic models, such as certain production functions, than for others because of smaller expected bias.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1238836

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAlternative policies to achieve a specified nitrogen pollution standard in subsurface irrigation return flows are compared. A system of effluent charges against emitters was the lowest cost and the amount of agricultural commodities produced was less than the alternative policy considered.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1238837

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe value of wildlife, visual‐cultural benefits, water supply, and flood control benefits of wetlands (varied by benefit productivity levels) are determined with help from appropriate scientists. Comparison of benefit value with opportunity cost of wetland preservation is demonstrated as the basis for decisions concerning permits for wetland alteration.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1238838

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractImproved rural development policy requires empirical analysis of impacts of past programs. Economic Development Administration Public Works Projects in large urban regions had less employment impact than projects in less populated areas. A growth center strategy would have been a poor guide for allocating the funds in this program.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1238839

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA quarterly recursive quadratic programming model of the North American pork sector is constructed to explain spatial and temporal variations in the sector and to evaluate the repercussions of policy changes. The model incorporates econometric supply, demand for consumption and demand for storage equations for Eastern and Western Canada and the United States. It is then run over a forty‐one quarter period to evaluate its ability to simulate the sector. A policy experiment is conducted which assesses a change in tariff policies between Canada and the United States to illustrate the model's application for policy analysis.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1238840

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractChanges occurring in the dairy industry necessitate modification of the pricing system for fluid milk. Alterations in the present federal order pricing system, however, will not only affect the level of producer and consumer prices but also have different regional impacts.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1238841

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe impact of technological change and the corresponding elevator pricing policy is analyzed for an aggregated corn industry. A set of theoretical and empirical profit and cost functions are estimated and are used to illustrate that the competing sectors are not presently on the presumed contract curve and are not maximizing joint industry profits. The analysis suggests alternative pricing policies and resulting market structure patterns which will simultaneously increase profits for all competing sectors and will minimize total industry costs. Differences in characteristics of the grain industry suggest that alternative sets of market structure patterns and pricing policies may develop.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1238842

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFeeding and marketing practices are related to weight loss of fed steers during marketing. Liveweight and carcass weight losses are higher if feed and water are withheld from steers before slaughter. Packers have incentive to require this practice because the liveweight‐cost reduction exceeds the value of the lost weight.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1238843

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY