摘要:

AbstractA method of assessing the degree to which classified pricing of milk has favored milk producers over time is outlined, and results of an application of this method to the 1960–79 period are presented. It is found that prices for the different use classes of milk have, over this period, moved closer to consumer “optimal” prices rather than to producer “optimal” prices. Apparently the regulatory authorities in recent years have recognized less the need for farm income enhancement than the voice of consumer representatives.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1241166

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe research reported demonstrates that farm real estate price involves important components in addition to the capitalized value of rent for the services of land and buildings in farm production, develops an expectations model for the farm real estate market, and compares predictions from the expectations model with farm real estate prices for the 1920–78 period. Capitalized rent explains only about half of real estate values both in the 1970s and over the longer 1920–78 period. The remainder can be explained by the capitalization of capital gains, including real gains or losses from price level changes.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1241167

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAgricultural land use rights have become increasingly complex fol1owing new policies for soil conservation, nonpoint pol1ution control, wetlands protection, and farmland preservation. When viewed in a framework that distinguishes between ownership and exchange of rights, little change is evident in ownership of rights. The added complexity has come mainly in the rules governing exchanges. Farmers are confronted increasingly with rules which allow specific rights to be limited by government with compensation. These rules retain the flexibility of individual ownership while reflecting a growing awareness that the general welfare depends on wise use of agricultural land.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1241168

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe decision‐making process for commodity programs in the United States is cast in terms of adaptive control theory, following the control framework outlined by Rausser. It is argued that the actual commodity program decision‐making process can be viewed as a sequential multiperiod control problem and that multiple period, open‐loop feedback control of a disaggregate policy simulation model can be used to assist agricultural policy makers. The empirical results present the first‐round application of a suggested sequential use of control techniques and demonstrate the feasibility of applying control procedures to a multicommodity, agricultural policy simulator.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1241169

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn a multistage production system, research that reduces production costs at one stage provides benefits to producers at all stages and to consumers. Agricultural production is assumed to involve three stages: nonfarm input, farm, and marketing. Research causes a parallel drop of the supply curve. Benefits are measured as changes in economic surplus. With a competitive model, the distribution of research benefits is the same for research directed at each production stage. Implications for the distribution of research benefits of some forms of imperfect competition are investigated.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1241170

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSignificant increases in agricultural productivity will be needed for the United States to meet its future food policy goals related to an abundant and stable food supply. The nation's ability to meet this challenge will depend on the level of investment in agricultural research and extension. Each dollar of underfunding relative to the economically efficient level of research and extension expenditures (a) will cost the government $@@‐@@2.56 ($@@‐@@1.50 discounted) if it later makes up for the low investment level or (b) will cost consumers $@@‐@@4.39 ($@@‐@@3.07 discounted) if the government does not make up for the low level of investment.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1241171

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn this paper current theory and estimation procedures are applied in an analysis of disequilibrium price behavior in the U.S. fed beef sector. Although tests of equilibrium versus disequilibrium hypotheses are not well developed, results indicate the possible presence of disequilibrium prices in the market for fed beef; at least the hypothesis of significant disequilibrium could not be rejected.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1241172

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAuction bidders may pursue a large number of reasonable bidding strategies, including those that are risk‐neutral and risk‐averse. Risk‐averse bidders are especially tempted by the auction process to discriminate against themselves, that is, to offer prices close to their reservation prices or target prices. Self‐discrimination, in turn, usually implies that quality‐corrected prices of individual lots trend downward as the sale proceeds. The empirical evidence for downtrending prices at selected yearling steer sales is examined. Implications are then drawn for auction pricing efficiency and equity.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1241173

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper evaluates the economic feasibility of substituting domestically produced corn and soya for imports in the Caribbean Community. A linear programming model is used to minimize the costs of meeting feed demands under free trade and two self‐sufficiency scenarios. Special emphasis is given to the availability of land suitable for feed production, domestic production costs relative to import costs, and the implications for employment and the balance of payments. The model also identifies optimal quotas or tariffs to achieve self‐sufficiency.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1241174

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper employs characteristic demand theory to estimate demand functions for calories for a set of developing countries and to investigate the potential impact of income growth, redistribution, and price changes on alleviating underconsumption of calories. The analysis finds that, although calorie elasticities with respect to income are substantial for the poorer consumers, income growth above historical rates is required for the food needs of the entire population to be satisfied within the next fifteen years, even if calorie prices remain constant and income distribution does not become more unequal.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1241175

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY