摘要:

AbstractAn econometric model of the U.S. agricultural sector is utilized to examine the effects of the Farmer‐Owned Reserve Program on crop and livestock production and prices, farm income, crop carry‐over levels, and government outlays. The program has had a positive impact on commodity prices and farm income but has not significantly reduced the annual variation in commodity prices. It also increased government outlays for agricultural commodity programs, but all of the increase is potentially recoverable. The continued use of the FORP to enhance commodity prices likely will lead to excessive government outlays in the long run.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1240610

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA theoretical model capable of examining the effects of various monetary policies on agriculture is developed. Results from comparative static experiments with the model show that a restrictive monetary policy may adversely affect agriculture. Results from the theoretical model are compared with earlier studies and are empirically investigated using vector autoregression techniques. In general, empirical analysis supports the theoretical developments.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1240611

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractRecent data on Brazilian agricultural prices, industrial prices, and money supply are analyzed in a vector autoregression. The empirical findings show strong, one‐way, Granger‐type causality from money supply to agricultural prices; while feedback is observed between industrial prices and money supply. Under the usual monetarist ordering of contemporaneous innovation covariance, agricultural prices do not adjust faster than industrial prices to a shock in the money supply.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1240612

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper examines the power of tests for efficiency. The relationship between sample size, parameter values, and the family of probability distributions is stressed. Some findings are that the probability of correctly ranking distributions is frequently very low regardless of sample size. It is generally lowest as distributional parameters (such as the means) of the two distributions being compared are of similar magnitudes. Further, the empirical distribution function performs extremely well as compared to maximum likelihood estimators.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1240613

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper develops a model for assessing the aggregate level and distribution of the benefits of reseach into tradable commodities. It estimates gains to Australia and to the rest of the world from research into the wool and wheat industries.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1240614

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractNear‐optimal multiperiod decision rules for controlling wild oats in spring wheat in north central Montana are presented in this paper. Decision alternatives are fallow, use of a preemergent or postemergent herbicide, and crop without use of a herbicide. The near‐optimal decision rules, which were obtained from a partially decomposed stochastic dynamic programming model, depend on density of wild oats seed in the plow layer, whether the land was previously cropped or fallow, soil moisture level, price of spring wheat, and post‐planting density of wild oats.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1240615

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis article finds the optimal choice of tillage method and crop rotation for farmers who correctly anticipate the yield‐decreasing effects of soil erosion. Expected increases in crop prices lead to farming practices that are more conservation oriented. Higher relative prices for hay also lead to more soil conservation. A linear programming model of soil loss is presented for a watershed in Tama County, Iowa.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1240616

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAllocatable fixed inputs, such as land, are a potentially important source of jointness in agriculture. As with other causes of jointness, they necessitate multiple‐product systems for modeling product supply and input demand. In other important ways, however, their analytical implications are very different from other causes of jointness. Model specification differs. Demand functions for the quantities of each input used in the production of individual commodities can be derived if a primal approach is used, but such allocation equations cannot in general be identified from a dual specification. Available allocation data are not even useful in such dual estimations.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1240617

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn equilibrium model of output and factor markets is used to calculate comparative static effects of demand and factor supply shifts on output and factor prices and employment in the Pacific Northwest forest products industry. The technological link between output and factor levels is provided through a three‐input production function. Results over the 1950–76 sample period suggest that changes in product‐to‐factor price ratios and factor employment are a consequence of differing factor supply elasticities and that factor supply shifts have limited effect on output price and employment levels because of substitution possibilities occurring in the production process and marketplace.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1240618

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractProducer preference for product price variability vis‐à‐vis price stability at the mean is examined in a simple two‐input model where one input is chosen after price is known while the other input must be chosen before price is observed. The result shows that risk‐neutral producers may strictly prefer price stability.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1240619

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY