摘要:

The use of a commercially manufactured β-lactamase (Whatman Biochemicals Ltd.) allows the assay of aminoglycosides in the presence of penicillins and cephalosporins by the classical agar diffusion method. Taking into account the few modifications brought to the method described by Winters et al., the technique can be performed in non-specialized laboratories. The results obtained after overnight incubation assure a daily monitoring of treatment in patients with renal function impairment

ISSN:0009-3157    

DOI:10.1159/000221785

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In in vitro experiments it has been shown that a violet-reddish pigment, CGP 695, can be formed from cephacetril (C 36,278-Ba, Celospor®, semisynthetic parenteral cephalosporin) in urine and buffer solution in the presence of oxygen. This reaction is accelerated by warmth, neutral pH and bacterial β-lactamase. The formation of CGP 695 in vivo, however, was not demonstrable, either in man or in animals. Voided urine containing cephacetril or its metabolites can turn red if left standingfor some time at room temperatur

ISSN:0009-3157    

DOI:10.1159/000221786

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The pharmacokinetics of Terizidone (TZ) in comparison with cycloserine (CS) was compared. The trial proved that blood concentration of TZ was higher at all time intervals studied than the concentration reached in blood after the same doses of CS; yet this increase was not proportional to two molecules of CS contained in one molecule of TZ. The quantity of TZ excreted with urine was also higher, but the difference, as compared with the excreted CS, was not significant. The concentrations in the elderly patients were higher, and excretion was slower than in the younger ones. The high concentration of TZ in urine suggest the possibility of using this drug in treating genitourinary tuberculosis.

ISSN:0009-3157    

DOI:10.1159/000221787

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In 1972, 8 registered typhoid carriers and 1 carrier of Salmonella bareilly were treated with amoxycillin (Amoxil) and with Amoxil + probenecid in our department. All Salmonella strains were found to be sensitive to Amoxil. After continuous oral administration of Amoxil (3 g/day) and after giving Amoxil + probenecid (2 g Amoxil + 1 g probenecid daily), the mean value of Amoxil concentration in the bile was 19 and 46 μg/ml, respectively. On the basis of the observation period (7 months to date), 6 typhoid carriers and 1 carrier of Salmonella bareilly can be considered recovered. In 2 cases who underwent a cholecystectomy prior to the Amoxil treatment (‘short term treatment’ lasting 18 days), a bacteriological relapse was observed on the 12th and 18th day after treatment. Side effects or allergic manifestations were not observed. On the evidence of our observations, the ‘long-term treatment’ (lasting 35 days) of typhoid carriers with Amoxil (3 g/day) or with Amoxil + probenecid (2 g Amoxil + 1 g probenecid/day) is undoubtedly a

ISSN:0009-3157    

DOI:10.1159/000221788

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Ticarcillin is a promising new penicillin with certain advantages. It was very effective in five out of six patients with Pseudomonas infection and in 95 patients with purulent exacerbations of chronic bronchitis or bronchiectasis, or secondary infected carcinoma, who had failed to respond to other antibiotics. Toxicity was minimal.

ISSN:0009-3157    

DOI:10.1159/000221789

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Ticarcillin (BRL 2288) is a semi-synthetic penicillin which has a broad spectrum of activity, particularly against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and a variety of Enterobacteriaceae. The drug is similar in structure to carbenicillin, the former being about twice as active, and cross resistance between the two drugs is usual. Of the 17 patients with urinary tract infections who were treated with 1 g of ticarcillin intramuscularly every 6 h, 13 were considered cured after a 4-week follow-up, one did not complete the course, there was one unrelated death, and there were two treatment failures. Pain at the site of intramuscular injection was noted in five patients, the discomfort being minimized by injection into the buttock rather than the thigh. Intravenous injections did not appear to be irritating. Of the seven systemic infections, the majority of whom were treated with 5 g of ticarcillin intravenously every 6 h, there were three clinical and bacteriological cures, one case where the treatment had to be discontinued, and three cases where the efficacy of treatment was difficult to assess due to the pathological conditions present in these patients. The minimum inhibitory concentrations for the infecting organisms were determined, and the serum levels of the antibiotics were assayed. It was concluded that ticarcillin may be a useful member of the antibiotic armamentarium, particularly against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

ISSN:0009-3157    

DOI:10.1159/000221790

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Using the classical subcutaneous mouse infection of Morgenroth and Abraham, various antibiotics and a new drug, 10-undecenyl-1-yl pseudothiourea hydroiodide (AHR-1911), were studied for both, clinical and sterilizing action by local application. A lack of parallelism is evident between doses giving inhibition of lesion formation and bacteriological sterilization in the S. aureus and E. coli infection: the protective/sterilizing dose ratio varied between 1 and 53 for different drugs. In vitro, cidal/static ratios varied from 3 to 80 for S. aureus, from 2 to 4 for E. coli, and from 1 to 5 for C. albicans. In S. aureus infection, neomycin and AHR-1911 were the most effective; in E. coli infection, polymyxin B and AHR-1911, followed by neomycin. In C. albicans infection, amphotericin B was most effective, but induced irritation and abscesses at the extremely low effective dose levels (2 μg/20 g mouse). The possible implication of the cidal/static ratio in vivo effectiveness and the relativity of the values obtained in vitro comparisons according to the setup of the test are discussed

ISSN:0009-3157    

DOI:10.1159/000221791

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0009-3157    

DOI:10.1159/000221792

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0009-3157    

DOI:10.1159/000221793

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger