摘要:

Some Basic Considerations Concerning the Nature of Membranes as Barriers and Transducers; Classes of Membranes

ISSN:0022-233X    

DOI:10.1080/10601326908053793

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1969

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Polyelectrolyte complexes used at present in the formation of a variety of membranes evolved from the investigations of the interactions between acidic polyions and basic poly cations [1] as well as from the knowledge acquired during the study of ion exchange resins [2].

ISSN:0022-233X    

DOI:10.1080/10601326908053794

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1969

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

In our work at the Eye Research Division of the National Institute for Scientific Research, properties of certain polymeric materials in the transmission of water, and electrolytes had to be evaluated.

ISSN:0022-233X    

DOI:10.1080/10601326908053795

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1969

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Collagen is found in biologic systems as a supporting material for a wide variety of cells and membranes. Its fibrous nature is well suited to biologic plasticity in both strength and form. Its natural occurrence as the primary structural protein of animals suggests that it might be used as a structural element in “synthetic” biomaterials. The molecular nature of collagen and its biologic reactivity must be understood, however, before collagen biomaterials can be designed and fabricated. Over the past 20 years, a broad and detailed account of the molecular biology of collagen has become available. The present report will review some of this material, with special reference to those aspects important to the use of collagen as a biomaterial, and illustrate some of the uses that these materials can serve.

ISSN:0022-233X    

DOI:10.1080/10601326908053796

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1969

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

One of the major problems present in devices used as blood vessel substitutes, cardiac assist devices, and heart-lung and hemodialysis systems is that of thrombosis which results from blood coagulation. This paper is a review of the pertinent experimental work which has been done to minimize this problem.

ISSN:0022-233X    

DOI:10.1080/10601326908053797

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1969

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

There are many excellent reasons for a chemist to be interested in membrane separations, particularly if he is interested in the biochemistry of larger molecules. In living tissues, with their amazing ability to synthesize delicate, large polymers with unique structures, perform equally amazing separations of closely related solutes of complicated nature, maintain concentration gradients, and otherwise control a local environment, there seems always to be an intricate system of membranes. This has been realized for a long time and the literature dealing with biological membranes has become so voluminous as to be difficult to master. Nonetheless, it seems to fall far short of providing adequate explanations for all the phenomena observed.

ISSN:0022-233X    

DOI:10.1080/10601326908053798

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1969

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

In an earlier study [1], a surfactant layer at the interface between a cellulose acetate membrane and a saline solution in reverse osmosis was shown to act as a liquid membrane in series with the solid membrane gel. Inasmuch as the effectiveness of liquid membranes in increasing the perm selectivity of the underlying gelatinous membranes increased with increasing surfactant hydrophilicity, it was postulated that solute rejection was at least partially attributable to the water-binding capacity of the various surfactants. In the present study, spectrophotometric evidence for the existence of surfactant-water interactions is presented.

ISSN:0022-233X    

DOI:10.1080/10601326908053799

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1969

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The efforts of the Office of Saline Water (U.S. Dept. of the Interior) to develop an economical means of desalination have catalyzed a general revival of interest in membrane separation processes. It is not surprising, therefore, that attempts are currently underway to reinvestigate those aspects of membrane separations which have not been definitively answered in the past. One key problem area has been a dearth of direct morphological evidence concerning the relationship between structure and function in semipermeable membranes. Neither optical nor electron microscopy has been very successful in elucidating the structure of semipermeable membranes; the former because of low resolution, and the latter because of the tedious sample preparation, the introduction of artifacts, and the interpretation of extremely flat images. Owing partially to these difficulties the functional approach has tended to predominate in the councils of membrane technologists. Very recently, however, a new investigative tool, scanning electron microscopy [1], has become available which promises to add substance to the field of membrane structure. The scanning electron microscope exhibits resolution midway between optical and standard electron microscopes and offers great advantages over both in ease of sample preparation and in image depth and quality. These advantages are all intrinsic to the nature of the scanning electron microscope, which utilizes back-scattered and secondary electrons over a wide range of angles to obtain a reflection image which is scanned and transmitted to an oscilloscope for photographing. In this paper, the application of scanning electron microscopy to such representative membrane problems as swelling, asymmetry, void size, pore size, rugosity, and the morphological changes attendant upon hydrolysis and de-swelling will be considered together with some speculation as to its eventual application to liquid and nascent membranes.

ISSN:0022-233X    

DOI:10.1080/10601326908053800

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1969

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This is a scanned image of the original Editorial Board page(s) for this issue.

ISSN:0022-233X    

DOI:10.1080/10601326908053792

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1969

数据来源: Taylor