ISSN:0195-7910    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1992

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Seventy-nine belt-protected front seat occupants sustained authentic car-to-car side collisions with impact at front door or B-pillar in which energy equivalent speed (EES) and δ V had a highly significant influence on the occurrence of liver and spleen ruptures. From an EES > 40 km/h the risk of suffering liver and spleen injuries proved to be much higher for occupants on the impact side. Drivers on the impact side often had combined liver and spleen ruptures, front seat passengers had only liver ruptures and combined liver and spleen ruptures. The number of rib fractures on the left or right had a highly significant influence on the occurrence of liver and spleen ruptures. Liver ruptures and combined liver and spleen ruptures were often combined with pelvic ruptures.

ISSN:0195-7910    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1992

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Tattooing involves piercing the skin with needles bearing various pigments, to cause the permanent imprint of a design. The body responds to these incursions in specific and predictable ways, with initial sloughing of the overlying epidermis, variable dermal inflammation, and gradual assimilation of the pigment into macrophages. Eventually, much of the pigment is carried to the regional draining lymph nodes, with a residue staying within macrophages localized to dermal perivascular regions. The age of tattoos may be estimated, both grossly and microscopically. Tattooing can result in a variety of relatively uncommon complications and adverse reactions to the pigment, and certain infectious diseases may be inadvertently transmitted through tattooing when the instruments are inadequately sterilized, or when poor technique is used. This article, the second of three, describes the gross and microscopic pathology of both fresh and healed tattoos, and discusses the various complications (infectious and otherwise) that can occur. Tattooing has specific applications in both dermatology and plastic and reconstructive surgery, and these are also discussed.

ISSN:0195-7910    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1992

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Three categories of skin from Hanford miniature swine were examined microscopically: normal, unfrozen skin; skin exposed to - 75 °C air for 5 min, 6 h postinjury; and skin frozen postmortem. Frostbitten skin (antemortem freezing) was characterized grossly by a purple discoloration and microscopically by dilated, blood-filled, superficial capillaries. Other changes in the frostbitten skin were vacuolated epithelial cells and dermal edema. Unfrozen skin (controls) and skin frozen postmortem were more difficult to differentiate. However, the epidermis of the latter usually was compressed and more basophilic. We concluded that skin frozen antemortem could be separated from skin frozen postmortem by its intense hyperemia, characterized grossly as a purple discoloration and microscopically by engorged capillaries.

ISSN:0195-7910    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1992

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Reye's syndrome, a condition characterized pathologically by cerebral edema and fatty change of the liver, has been described extensively in the medical literature as a disease manifested clinically by encephalopathy and coma. This is a report of five cases of Reye's syndrome occurring as sudden, unexpected deaths outside of the hospital. In each of these cases, there is a vague history of a previous viral illness. A history of aspirin intake is inconstant. Each child either had no significant past illnesses or there was a history of repeated upper respiratory infections. The classic progression of signs and symptoms usually described for Reye's syndrome, where vomiting usually precedes encephalopathy and coma, was not present in any of the cases. Results of autopsies showed the characteristic findings for Reye's syndrome, and additional tests showed no other explanation for the deaths. This manifestation of the disease is seldom described in medical literature, but it may be encountered occasionally by the medical examiner.

ISSN:0195-7910    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1992

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Soft tissue infections due to the group AStreptococcusare difficult to diagnose and rapidly fatal. They may present to the forensic pathologist as an “obscure autopsy”. Death may occur within or outside the hospital and with or without a history of fulminant infection or predisposing factors. It is important for the pathologist to exclude this condition through awareness of its existence and by appropriate dissection with retention of materials for microbiological and histological examination.

ISSN:0195-7910    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1992

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Information in forensic toxicology plays a very important role. The forensic pathologist usually seeks toxicologic analyses on basis of the information available at the time of the medicolegal autopsy. Such information may be obtained from different sources: hospitals, authorities, relatives, friends, or neighbors of the deceased and, obviously, macroscopic findings at the time of the autopsy. In order to evaluate the relative importance of these different sources of information, the authors have studied, retrospectively, results of 580 postmortem examinations performed at the Institute of Legal Medicine of Lisbon, wherein toxicologic analyses had been requested. These cases pertain to the years 1987 and 1988. but do not include alcohol determination in the blood in cases of traffic accidents. In 274 (47.4%) of the 580 cases, there were positive findings while in the remaining 306 (52.6%) findings were negative. In cases with positive findings, circumstances and factors, which may have influenced the pathologist's decision to request toxicologic analysis, are discussed. In more than half the cases, hospital information was the decisive factor, while in ∼25% of the cases, autopsy findings were the justification. In contrast, it is worth mentioning that in ∼45% of the cases with analytical negative results, requests were made, in cases of blank autopsies, for toxicologic analyses in order to exclude the possibility of poisoning. It is interesting to note that in the same proportion requests were justified on grounds of hospital information. Some of the factors that may explain this apparent discrepancy are discussed. Finally, the relevance of background information is emphasized at the level of the interpretation of analytical results, whether positive or negative. In this context, the relevance of information gathered at the so-called “psychological autopsy” is discussed.

ISSN:0195-7910    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1992

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0195-7910    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1992

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Normeperidine, having a longer half-life than meperidine, can accumulate faster. Its excitatory neurotoxicity is manifest with administration of multiple meperidine doses or in cases of renal failure. This is a report of the lethal effects of normeperidine in a patient with renal failure who had abused meperidine.

ISSN:0195-7910    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1992

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

In the 14-year period from 1976 to 1989, there have been 174 homicide victims in the Auckland coronial area. Data accessed from autopsy and police reports show that victims of marital conflict, family dispute, and arguments developing between nonmarried couples made up the largest proportion of homicide cases. Stabbing and assault with a blunt weapon were the most common causes of death. The data also show that homicide is relatively uncommon in Auckland in comparison with other cities of similar size.

ISSN:0195-7910    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1992

数据来源: OVID