ISSN:0195-7910    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Based on Harvard criteria findings, comparative morphological investigation on postmortem heart muscle biopsy following coronary insufficiency after sudden cardiac death have been reported. The subendo-thelial layer of the left ventricular wall has revealed a severe interstitial edema, various types of actin-myosin filamental destruction, mitochondrial damage, and disseminated muscle fiber necrosis. One of the first alterations observed was the change in transmembrane calcium and intracellular calcium metabolism. A decrease in succinic dehydrogenase and cytochrome oxidase activity was discovered early.

ISSN:0195-7910    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Five hundred and thirty-seven cases of disputed paternity in North Carolina were tested for five erythrocyte polymorphisms, HLA antigens, or both. The data were analyzed to evaluate the ability of the tests to exclude the alleged father or to include the alleged father as the biological father. Incompatibility between the phenotypes of the alleged father, and those of the mother and child, were found in 40.6% of black males and 30.3% of white males (P<0.005). The rates of exclusion appeared to vary between counties in which the cases originated, although the significance of the differences could not be determined because of the small sample size. Using a Bayesian approach and 0.5 as the prior probability of paternity, we calculated the posterior probability of paternity for HLA and five erythrocyte systems combined as well as for HLA and erythrocyte systems separately. The probability of paternity values based on the combined HLA and RBC tests exceeded 95% in 299 of the 345 nonexcluded cases as compared to only 218 cases based on HLA tests alone and 36 cases based on erythrocyte tests alone. We conclude that in approximately 10% of paternity cases in the population served by this laboratory, the information obtained is inconclusive. To resolve these cases, additional polymorphisms and/or a panel of genetic tests systems which can provide >95% probability of exclusion is required.

ISSN:0195-7910    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This report provides morphological and analytical data for a group of green sunfish collected from an area relatively free of metals and a second group of the same species collected from a lake into which selenium had been discharged. Neutron activation data of livers (and kidneys) collected from these fish show an average of about 11 ppm selenium (fresh weight) for both organs; other metals were not detected in the liver (or kidneys) of these fish. Ultrastructural examination of livers from fish of this group showed focal necrosis, areas of granular cytoplasm, fatty infiltration, increased numbers of Kupffer cells, and disorganized liver architecture—compared with those of controls. The presence of massive levels of selenium in the liver and concomitant hepatocyte changes suggests a causal relationship between these phenomena.

ISSN:0195-7910    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Medicolegal investigation in America can truly be said to have begun in an organized manner in 1918. The Massachusetts medical examiner system, which began in 1877, never developed with the central control and the completeness that characterizes the New York Office of the Chief Medical Examiner, nor did it influence the spread of this form of medicolegal investigation.An overview of the period before the establishment of the New York Office in 1918 and early experiences in coroner's investigation in New York is presented. The roots of the development of the office are discussed, as were the early days of the office under Dr. Charles Norris, whose influence on the spread of knowledge and of providing an important service to the community in general is detailed. The contributions of Alexander Gettler, the father of forensic toxicology in America, are also discussed.The contributions of Gonzales, Vance, Helpern, Umberger, and Wiener are also included. Special problems of New York City are described, including narcotic deaths, gas refrigerator deaths, malaria in addicts, plastic bag hazards, sudden infant deaths, operative deaths, as well as many famous cases involving murder, disasters, and unusual deaths over a period of 60 years.Milestones in the Office of the Chief Medical Examiner of New York City are listed, as are chronological details of major cases and problems. Several comparative figures of the workload and frequency of various types of death are also included. A relationship of deaths to different life-styles is noted.

ISSN:0195-7910    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Slow, retrograde seepage of ionic mercury from root canal or Class V amalgam fillings inserted many years previously, recurrent caries and corrosion around filling edges, and the oxidizing effect of the purulent response may lead to multiple sclerosis in middle age. Epi-demiologic studies of MS consistently reveal more neurological disease in the north, inferentially because there may be less caries and therefore fewer fillings done in the south. Clinical and epidemiologic data also suggest that a second heavy metal, lead, may operate almost interchangeably with mercury. Possibly, cases of unilateral MS derive from mercury-amalgam fillings in ipsolateral teeth, whereas the generalized disease may result from ingestion or inhalation of volatile mercury or exhaust fumes of lead additives to gasoline. The forensic and preventive-medical challenge is to identify, monitor, and resolve questions of hidden heavy metal hazards in a high technology society, especially those of lead and mercury. Further clinical-epidemiologic and basic science studies of heavy metal assays in whole blood, CNS tissues, packed cells, and serum are warranted. Prevention awaits further testing of the hypothesis and experience with substitute filling materials.

ISSN:0195-7910    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Asbestos, a fibrous mineral, has unique physical and chemical properties, including resistance to heat, acids, and other chemicals; flexibility; and great tensile strength. The fibers subdivide into unit fibrils of molecular dimensions, resulting in a vast mineral surface area which has a direct bearing on its unusual features and its numerous applications. Its biological effects, which include fibrogenesis and carcinogenesis, may be related to the cellular reaction, to its large specific surface, or to the size and shape of the fibers. Its oncogenic action may be multiplied by other carcinogens, principally cigarette smoking.There is clinical, pathologic, and epidemiologic evidence that exposure to asbestos, following a long latent period, constitutes an important health hazard. Direct occupational exposure, followed by a long lapsed period after the initial exposure, is associated with pleural plaques and pleural effusion, pulmonary parenchymal fibrosis (asbestosis), pulomonary carcinoma, pleural and peritoneal mesothelioma, and other neoplasms. Indirect exposure may also entail an increased risk of lung disease or mesothelioma or both.Medicolegal investigation of suspected cases includes a lifetime occupational history, clinical history including smoking habits, radiological findings, clinical evidence of asbestosis, and may require detection of asbestos tissue burden.

ISSN:0195-7910    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

An unusual case of an intramural cardiac fibroma in a 63-year-old white female who died of blunt trauma to the head is presented and discussed.

ISSN:0195-7910    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This is a report of isolated congenital hypoplastic bicuspid pulmonary valve in a 27-year-old white male who had a long history of seizure disorder. Autopsy revealed extensive fibrotic pericarditis, hypoplastic bicuspid, pulmonary valve, and poststenotic dilatation of the pulmonary trunk. The pulmonary valve consisted of sparsely cellular collagenous tissue with minimal to absent elastic elements without evidence of active inflammation.

ISSN:0195-7910    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

We determined the Na/K x-ray intensity ratio in frozen sections of myocardial tissues obtained at autopsy from patients who died from various causes, using electron probe analysis. We have been able to distinguish between the ischemically injured and normal cells. The method is simple, fast, and dependable even when the duration of ischemia is only 30 minutes.

ISSN:0195-7910    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID