摘要:

The well-known toxicity pattern of aminoglycoside antibiotics has been used with the aim to produce waste products in the inner ear. The endolymphatic sac was studied after daily intraperitoneal injection of 75 mg/kg kanamycin for 10 and 20 days to see whether or not the endolymphatic sac showed signs of increased phagocytic activity. The epithelium of the endolymphatic sac was reduced in height, the cells were swollen and extremely thin. The dark epithelial cells were outnumbering the light cells. The subepithelial tissue showed an edematous swelling containing few blood vessels, collagen fibrils and fibroblasts with an empty appearance. There were few wide lateral intercellular spaces and there were intraluminal free floating cells. There were, in all, no clear morphological signs of increased phagocytic activity in the epithelium of the endolymphatic sac.

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000276095

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The positive summating potential (+ SP) in Menière’s disease was compared with that in normal ears and in cochlear deafness of other origin than endolymphatic hydrops in order to assess a specificity of the +SP in Menière’s disease. The +SP was recorded in 21 of 47 Menière ears (45%) on stimulation with 8-kHz tone bursts, whereas the + SP was recorded in none of 10 normal-hearing ears and in 1 of 28 ears with cochlear deafness of other origin than endolymphatic hydrops (4%). The incidence of the +SP in Menière’s disease was higher on stimulation with 8-kHz tone bursts than with 4-, 2- and 1-kHz tone bursts and clicks. No correlation between SP amplitudes recorded with 2- and 8-kHz tone bursts was found. The results suggest that Menière’s disease may involve a pathophysiological condition which allows the + SP to be frequen

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000276096

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A study was carried out to evaluate the results of stapes surgery in 53 cases of otosclerosis. The hearing function was measured pre- and postoperatively by means of conventional and high-frequency audiometry (Demlar 20K). The operative findings of the gradation of otosclerosis were compared with the pre- and postoperative audiometrical measurements. The results of this study point out that a clear relation exists between the preoperative high-tone audiogram and the gradation of otosclerosis. Stapedotomy does not influence the high-frequency threshold postoperatively. In conclusion, high-frequency audiometry can predict the state of stapes fixation in otosclerosis and this can be important in stapes surgery.

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000276097

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The posterior semicircular canal of the frog was sinusoidally stimulated by mechanical endolympathic flow. Interaction of the excitatory and the inhibitory responses was analyzed on the spike density histogram. When the oscillation started in ampullofugal direction, the evoked action potentials were readily suppressed by the following ampullopetal stimulus. When the oscillation started in ampullopetal direction, the action potential appeared slowly, indicating that the inhibitory response has a longer time course than the excitatory response.

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000276098

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

We investigated gaze functions during sinusoidal head rotation in patients with peripheral and central vestibular lesions. Various kinds of gaze disturbance appeared in relation to deficient compensation (labyrinthine lesions), inaccurate gain regulation (cerebellar lesions), impaired gaze-induced suppression (cerebellar lesions), and inadequate visual correction (brain stem lesions). Analysis of gaze during head rotation may help to understand the regulation system of the vestibulo-ocular reflex as well as to detect gaze disturbances in patients with vestibular disorders, which cannot be attained by conventional vestibular examinations.

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000276099

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The severity of facial muscle synkinesis, contracture, spasm, crocodile tears and hearing impairment and/or tinnitus were observed carefully following facial nerve palsy and evaluated quantitatively by a scoring system. Using this system, a mathematical formula was obtained to predict sequelae from the severity of facial nerve palsy. The severity of palsy at 2 weeks and 2 months after its onset was an important sign for prediction of sequelae.

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000276100

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Differences in in vitro growth characteristics between Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genome-negative and genome-positive lymphoblastoid cell lines and between EBV genome-negative and genome-positive epithelial cell lines were investigated. All EBV genome-positive cells were able to grow in medium containing only 0.75 % fetal calf serum (FCS), whereas no EBV genone-negative cells were able to grow at this low concentration. However, there was no clear difference between the growth of the two EBV genome-negative lymphoblastoid cell lines (BJAB and Ramos) and two EBV genome-positive BJAB and Ramos sublines (BJAB/B95–8 and Ramos/B95–8) in medium containing more than 2.5% FCS. On the other hand, an EBV genome-positive clone of A2L/AH epithelial hybrid cells (cl-1) grew in both concentrations of FCS better than an EBV genome-negative clone of A2L/AH cells (cl-654). In addition, there was a difference in EBV induction between EBV genome-positive lymphoblastoid (BJAB/B95-8 and Ramos/B95-8) and epithelial (cl-1) cells after treatment with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-l 3-acetate (TPA). Treatment of BJAB/B95-8 and Ramos/B95-8 cells with TPA induced a low percentage of EBV-induced early antigen but not viral capsid antigen, whereas treatment of cl-1 cells with TPA induced both early antigen and viral capsid anti

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000276101

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma has been the most common soft-tissue sarcoma of late adult life. However, it is relatively uncommon in the head and neck. Furthermore, there has been no report of malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the hypopharynx in the literature. The first case of malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the hypopharynx is presented. The patient, a 70-year-old male, underwent extended laryngectomy and elective neck dissection with primary tracheoesophageal shunt operation and pharyngeal myotomy for voice restoration following total laryngectomy. For more than 2 years, there has been no evidence of the disease or metastasis. He has the satisfactory phonatory and swallowing function.

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000276102

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

We present our 1 -year experience in the management of esophageal foreign bodies in 31 adult patients, and we analyze the predisposing and risk factors, the diagnostic procedures, the removal techniques and the postoperative control and treatment.

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000276103

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Patients with clinical features of sleep apnea syndrome (SAS) and self-reported sleep spells at the wheel do poorly in simulated monotonous driving. To evaluate whether drivers with defined symptoms of SAS (heavy snoring, sleep disturbances and daytime sleepiness) compensate in real traffic by careful driving or not, the rate of car accidents over a 5-year period was investigated. A questionnaire was addressed to 140 patients with and 142 controls without symptoms associated to SAS. Seventy-three of the patients had a complete triad of SAS-associated symptoms. Fifty-two percent of these patients reported habitual sleep spells at the wheel, as opposed to less than one percent by the controls. The ratio of drivers being involved in one or more combined-car accident was similar for patients and control drivers, but for single-car accidents the ratio was about 7 times higher for patients with a complete triad of symptoms of SAS compared to controls (p < 0.001). When corrected for mileage driven, the total number of single-car accidents was almost 12 times higher among patients with sleep spells whilst driving, compared to controls (p < 0.001). It is concluded that drivers with the clinical features of SAS are at increased risk especially for single-car accidents and that the risk seems to vary with the severity of symptoms.

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000276104

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger