摘要:

Electro-oculograms for monitoring eye movements and eye positions were performed in patients having a prolonged episode of acute peripheral vestibulopathy. During the course of such illness counterdrifting eye movements have been observed. Counterdrifting is defined as slow eye movements which develop in the direction opposite to the primary drift (i.e. the slow phase of spontaneous nystagmus), that occur when lateral gaze is attempted in the dark at eye positions on the side ipsilateral to the vestibulopathy. Counterdrifting appears always to be accompanied or followed by some recovery of labyrinthine function on the side of vestibular failure, and in 2 patients it was associated with so-called recovery nystagmus. It has not been observed after vestibular neurectomy. The hypothesis is put forward that counterdrifting could be an oculomotor phenomenon – centripetal drifting – similar to that underlying Alexander’s modification of acute vestibular spontaneous nyst

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000275677

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The effects of visual fixation upon caloric nystagmus were computed in each parameter as a measure. The percentage reduction established with slow-phase velocity best distinguished normal from abnormal visual fixation at the line of 60%. However, if a ± 5% safety margin is taken into account, 11 of 176 ears showed false-negatives. The number of nystagmus beats in normals decreased markedly during the period of fixation. In abnormals, the number of nystagmus beats increased definitely during the fixation period. Based on this fact, the product of slow-phase velocity multiplied by the number of nystagmus beats was assessed as the fixation-suppression index. As a result, 11 ears showing false-negative slow-phase velocity decreased to 2 ears. Thus, this modified fixation-suppression index seems to be an appropriate parameter to separate normal from abnormal fixation-suppression of caloric nystagmus

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000275678

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

To elucidate the question whether lidocaine reduces tinnitus by a central or by a peripheral mechanism of action, its effect on tinnitus was compared with that of QX-572, a quaternary ammonium derivative of lidocaine which does not readily penetrate the blood-brain barrier. The results of experimental as well as clinical investigations indicate that the effects of lidocaine and QX-572 on tinnitus are mediated by a peripheral mechanism possibly related to their accumulation on inner ear melanin.

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000275679

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Tocainide, an amine analogue of lidocaine, which can be taken orally, was tested on 9 patients with severe tinnitus. 6 patients responded to the drug. In 4 patients the effect ceased after about 2 weeks despite continuous medication. 2 patients are still on this medication after more than 2 years. The binding of tocainide to melanin was analysed in vitro and in vivo in rats. It was concluded that the effect of tocainide on tinnitus is mediated by a peripheral mechanism possibly related to the accumulation on inner ear melanin.

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000275680

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A 4½-year-old girl presenting characteristics of Waardenburg’s syndrome with associated multiple defects is described. The patient presents all the obvious signs of the syndrome with the exception of the white forelock (poliosis), but with additional anomalies like: syndactyly, absence of the fourth left toe, bilateral preauricular sinus and dacrocystitis. It is the second case of Waardenburg’s syndrome reported by us during the last 20 y

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000275681

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The central corneal thickness was measured in 53 patients with osteogenesis imperfecta. The average thickness was found to be 0.443 ± 0.003 (SEM) mm. This value was significantly lower than the central corneal thickness in 35 patients with otosclerosis (0.515 ± 0.004 mm) and in 35 sex- and age-matched normal control subjects (0.522 ± 0.004 mm). No difference in corneal thickness between otosclerosis and controls was observed. Measurements of the central corneal thickness may be of great value in the diagnosis of osteogenesis imperfec

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000275682

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

3 cases of metastatic malignant melanoma to the parotid gland are reported. Diagnosis before surgery was not possible because of the particular characteristics of the primary lesions. Neither physical examination nor sialography or ultrasonography provided any differential diagnostic assistance. A thorough case history allowed us to trace a pigmented lesion in 2 cases: in the first case it had been removed about 1 year prior to our examination, whereas in the second case it had regressed spontaneously leaving no trace. In the 3rd case the presence of multiple surgical scars, due to reconstructive plastic surgery for multiple burns of the scalp contracted 30 years earlier, might have concealed a primary malignant melanoma. The path of diffusion (either direct or retrograde) towards the parotid gland as well as treatment procedures are discussed on the basis of recently published data. Moreover, the authors underline the value of thorough case histories aimed at identifying suspect cutaneous lesions of the head and neck, in all cases of parotid swellings, where the possibility of metastases is considered.

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000275683

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A case of bilateral peritubal myoclonia with objective tinnitus in a 5-year-old child, under general anesthesia for phimosis surgery, is reported. After having shown the etiology, pathogeny and symptomatology of the peritubal myoclonic syndrome, the use of impedansometric research consisting of a spontaneous variation of ‘compliance’ is emphasized. The authors discuss the significance of differential diagnosis with the spontaneous variations of ‘compliance’ of vascular, respiratory and muscular

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000275684

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger