Toward a More Culturally Sensitive DSM‐IVPsychoreligious and Psychospiritual Problems
作者:
DAVID LUKOFF,
FRANCIS LU,
ROBERT TURNER,
期刊:
The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease
(OVID Available online 1992)
卷期:
Volume 180,
issue 11
页码: 673-682
ISSN:0022-3018
年代: 1992
出版商: OVID
数据来源: OVID
摘要:
In theory, research, and practice, mental health professionals have tended to ignore or pathologize the religious and spiritual dimensions of life. This represents a type of cultural insensitivity toward individuals who have religious and spiritual experiences in both Western and non-Western cultures. After documenting the “religiosity gap” between clinicians and patients, the authors review the role of theory, inadequate training, and biological primacy in fostering psychiatry's insensitivity. A new Z Code (formerly V Code) diagnostic category is proposed for DSM-IV: psychoreligious or psychospiritual problem. Examples of psychoreligious problems include loss or questioning of a firmly held faith, and conversion to a new faith. Examples of psychospiritual problems include near-death experiences and mystical experiences. Both types of problems are defined, and differential diagnostic issues are discussed. This new diagnostic category would: a) improve diagnostic assessments when religious and spiritual issues are involved; b) reduce iatrogenic harm from misdiagnosis of psychoreligious and psychospiritual problems; c) improve treatment of such problems by stimulating clinical research; and d) encourage clinical training centers to address the religious and spiritual dimensions of human existence.
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