AbstractThe leptocerid trichopteran genusNotalinais recorded from the South American continent for the first time. Seven new species are described in it and placed in a new subgenus,Neonotalina: N.brasiliana, N.morsei, N.cipoandN.hamiltonifrom southeastern Brazil, comprise thebrasilianaspecies‐group, andN.roraimafrom Venezuela,N.nanayfrom Peru andN.matthiasifrom Colombia form theroraimaspecies‐group.Notalina (Neonotalina)is identifiable by the presence of a long, slender baso‐mesal process on the male inferior appendage. The two species‐groups may be distinguished by the morphology of the male phallus. The historical biogeography of the genus in South America is di