SummaryUltrasound represents an important contribution to the diagnosis of Mansoni's hepatosplenic schistosomiasis. Abnormalities that may be recognized are hyperechoic fibrotic bands along the portal vessels, volumetric reduction of the right hepatic lobe, enlargement of the left lobe, perivesicular fibrotic thickening, and splenomegally. Moreover, the hemodynamic status of the portal venous system may also be evaluated by Doppler analysis, including identification of collateral veins and portosystemic venous shunts.In endemic areas, ultrasound has a highlighted role in the identification of hepatic lesions and splenomegally and allows the follow-up of patients undergoing clinical treatment.This article presents the ultrasonographic and Doppler features of hepatosplenic schistosomiasis. The relationship between these findings and the clinicopathological aspects of this disease are also discussed.