AbstractThe recent (1980) immigration of 125,000 Cubans to the U. S. presented health workers with a situation bearing many of the characteristics of a disaster. Some of the organizational, clinical, and ecological issues which are inherent in providing mental health care in disaster situations are discussed. Ultimately, the development of an effective response to the situation depended on an understanding not only of the individuals involved, but also on an appreciation for the characteristics of the different phases of disaster situations.