Investigation of hazardous characteristics of refinery wastewater sludges
作者:
W. F. Wimberley,
K. E. Tittlebaum,
期刊:
Journal of Environmental Science and Health . Part A: Environmental Science and Engineering
(Taylor Available online 1989)
卷期:
Volume 24,
issue 8
页码: 863-877
ISSN:0360-1226
年代: 1989
DOI:10.1080/10934528909375522
出版商: Taylor & Francis Group
关键词: Refinery Wastewaters;Activated Sludge;Chromium;Hazardous Waste
数据来源: Taylor
摘要:
Much attention has been given to groundwater contamination due to the release of hazardous constituents from treatment and disposal facilities. Since some of the constituents entered groundwater aquifers in much shorter times than had been calculated, regulatory agencies have become concerned that hazardous constituents may be escaping from units not currently regulated under hazardous waste management programs. One of the major concerns of regulators is that unlined earthen surface impoundments in industrial wastewater treatment trains may be leaking heavy metals such as chromium and other hazardous constituents into the groundwater. The Environmental Protection Agency is moving toward bringing such impoundments under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) regulations. In addition, EPA is now proposing to list hexavalent chromium as a hazardous air pollutant due to its possible release from the mist of cooling towers, citing hexavalent chromium's potent carcinogenicity as the primary concern. While such a listing would primarily affect worker exposure, leakage of chromium from surface impoundments could enter groundwater sources and carry exposures far beyond industrial facilities.
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