In 32 patients with chronic renal disease the exocrine function of the pancreas was studied by the pancreozymin-secretin test. The patients were divided into two groups: 16 patients without renal failure and 16 patients with renal failure; of these, 7 were submitted to the chronic hemodialysis program. Normal function of the pancreas was found only in 28.1% of all patients. The dominating disorder was the decrease in the peak concentration of bicarbonate which was found in 50% of patients with renal failure and in 12.5% of patients without renal failure. A statistically significant correlation was found to be between the serum bicarbonate and both the peak concentration of bicarbonate and output of amylase in the pancreatic juice. Possible pathogenetic factors causing uremic pancreopathy were discussed. The impaired pancreatic function was suggested to have an importance in the mechanism of the origin of duodenal ulcer and duodenal bleeding in uremia.