AbstractHexane and methanol extracts of heartwood, bark/sapwood and leaves of twelve taxa ofJuniperusfrom the United States were assayed for antifungal and antibacterial activities. The hexane extract of the heartwood of several junipers appeared comparable in antibacterial activity to streptomycin. Antibacterial activity of the hexane extracts from the bark/sapwood ofJ. monosperma and J. californicawere comparable to streptomycin. No appreciable antibacterial activities were found in the leaf extracts from any species examined. No antifungal activities comparable to amphotericin B were found in either hexane or methanol extracts of the heartwood nor from the bark/sapwood. Antifungal activity againstCryptococcus neoformanscomparable to amphotericin B was found in the hexane extract of the leaves ofJ. occidentalisvar.australis. The methanol extracts from the leaves ofJ. osteospermaandJ. californicahad antifungal activities comparable to amphotericin B againstTrichophyton mentagrophytes.