THE ANALYST. 9 LAW CASES. ON Monday, the 10th December, an important case was heard at Manchester, before the stipendiary magistrate. The hearing occupied about five hours. The defendant was Mr. R. Melling, a dairy farmer, of Levenshulme. Mr. Cottingham appeared for the defendant, and the prosecution was conducted by Mr. Rudson. On the 31st October the inspector purchased from a local dealer a pint of milk, which Mr, Eatcourt certified as containing 5 per cent. of added water. As the dealer declared that he sold the milk as purchased, giving the names of the farmers who supplied him--the defendant being one-the inspector thereupon procured a sample of this farmer’s milk, which was adulterated with 12 per cent. of added water. I n his examination he stated that he had paid a visit to Mr, Melling’s dairy and seep the operation of milking-taking every possible precaution to guard against any tampering with the niilk-and procured a smple of the mixed milk, which he forwarded to the analyst .Mr, Estcourt gave evidence to the effect that the dairy sample contained 12.53 per cent. total solids, tho non-fatty solids being 10.13 per cent. He considered that the milk was of very high quality, and comparing it with sample 52, which contained 10.45 per cent. total solids, and 7.91 per cent. solids not fat (purchased from the defendant), the latter would contain 21 per cent. of added water instead of 12. The stipendiary stated that it mas not necessary for him to express any opinion of the relative merits of the processes of analysing; because, even according to the standard adopted at Somerset House, this milk was below the limit fixed there, and below that of Wanklyn.The only question he had to consider then was whether a satisfactory explanation had been given of its lorn quality He must confess that he was not satisfied of that, but mas of opinion that water had been added j therefore he must fine the defendant. The assistant clerk then mail out a list of seven convictions, rimging from February, 1875, down to August, 1880, and varying in’amounts from $5 to $20 ; the latter amount occurring twice. The magistrate imposed a fine of $20 and costs. AT the Bradford Borough Court, on Tuesday, Mi*. William Mawson, grocer, of Manchester Road, was summoned for selling to one of the Corporation inspectors a pound of butter not of the nature of the substance demanded by the inspector.The Town Clerk prosccuted, and stated that the defendant was a dealer in provisions, and was found selling an article he canned butter which had not a single grain of butter in it. A pound of butter was asked for by the inspector, and, when analysed by Mr. Rim- mington, not a grain of butter was found in the article. The inspector stated that he visited the defendant’s shop on November 8, and asked for a pound of butter, for which he paid la, 2d. He told the defendant for what purpose he had bought10 THE ANALYST. the article, acd divided it into three parts; one he left with the defendant. The magistrate’s clerk read the analysis, which stated that the article contained 12.6 parts of water and salt, and 87.4 parts of fat other than butter.The defendant said that he had fallen short of butter, and had got the other article as a substitute. Defendant was fined $5, and costs, or in default two months’ imprisonment. IMPORTANT DEUISION. IN the Queen’s Bench Division of the High Court of Justice, on Wednesday, Mr. Justice Mathem and Mr. Justice Day had before them the case o€ Chappell v. Enson, an appeal against the decision of the justices sitting in petty session at Heynsham, near Bristol, convicting the appellant of an offence under the Food and Drugs Adulteration Act, 1875. Mr. Poole, who appcared in support of the appeal, said that the point raised in the case was a very short one, 7-iz., whether the condition precedent had been per- formed on the part of a person whoapplied for a sample of food in order that it might be analysed.By Section 14 of tho Food an6 Drugs Adulteration Act, 3 875, it was provided that if any person purchased any article with the intention of submitting the same for analysis he should, after the purchase had been completed, forthwith notify to the seller or his agent selling the article his intention of having it analysed by the public analyst ; that he must offer to divide the article into three parts ; that he must then and there separate the article; that each part must be marked and sealed or fastened up in such a manner as the nature of the article permitted; and that he must hand one part to the seller or his agent. In the case, the purchaser notified to the seller that it was his intention to have the article analyyd by the public analyst, and offered to ‘‘ divide ” it, but he did not offer to divide it into throe parts ’’ according to the statute. Mr.Justice Mathew : The time had not come for him to offer to divide it into three parts, because when the respondent offered to divide it the appellant refused to have it done. Mr. Poole : I submit, my lord, that the respondent was bound to conform with the strict words of the Act. The respondent only offered to divide it. Mr. Justice Mathem : He offered to divide it. That nheant to divide it in accordance with the Act. Mr. Poole : 1 admit that my objection is strictly technical. I contend that the very words of the Act ought to be notified to the seller. Mr. Justice Mathem : Is there any provision which says that a certain form of expression should be adopted, and that no other mill suffice 3 Mr.Poole cited a case which, accordance to his contention, entitled him to have a conviction granted in this case. Mr. Juatice Ngthew : I am of opinion that the justices were right in convicting, and that the appeal should be dismissed with costs. Mr. Justice Day : I am of the same opinion. Appeal dismissed with costs.THE ANALYST. 11 - - RE(TENT CHEMICAL PATENT& The following specification8 have been recently published, and can be obtained from the Great Seal OEce, Cursitor Street, Ohancery Lane, London, No. 1883. Kme of Pfitentee., , * I Title of ,Patent., . Price 4d. 0 1 ., ,. , . Removing both Iron and Manganese frgm certain solutions 4440 C.Semper . . . . . 5975 J. Sellers . . . . 377 T. Copper .. 0 . 441 A, M. Clark b e .o 465 A. H. Lake . . . . 466 A.X. Clark.. *. 472 J. B. Lackenstein . . 480 W. White . b .. 482 A. L.Nolf . . . . 519 A. Jay SG C. Hook.. 651 W. H. Harrison .. 654 H.Simon . . . . 577 N. Bauer . . . . 584 H. L. Doulton .. . . . . . . Nanufacture of a new Brated Wpter, conta-g Bismuth, to be empIoyed for medicinal purposes . . . . . . . Nethod and Apparatus for producing Combustible Gaseous Fluids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Composition to be used as a Substitute for Hard Indiarubber, Celluloid, Ivory, &c. . . . . . . . . . . Separation of Lime from Crude Phosphates . . . . . . .. Manufacture of Varnishes . . . . . . . . . . .. Distillation . . . . . . . . . .. . . . , . Apparatus for $he Manufacture of Gas . , . , , , . Conqtruction of a Secondary Battery, or Accumulator of Eleotricity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . Nanufacture and Packing of Mktur;;, or Compounds of Alkaline, and Oily, Fatty, or Resinous Substances for Soap Making . . . . . . . . . . . . , . Apparatus for the Manufacture of Gaa from Oils . . , , , , Manufacture of Artificial Hard and Soft Indiarubber and Gutta Percha . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. Coke Ovens, &c. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. Hanufacture of Pure Spirits of Wine.. . . . . . . .. Manufacture of Crucibles . . . . . . . . . . 2d. 4d. 4d. 2a, 2a. 2a. 2a. 2d. 2d. 2d. 4d. Gd. 6d. Gd. 587 E. P. Potter t W, 13. TXiggh Process for Manufmture of Bichromate of Soda . . . . 4d. 589 W. Crossley .b 695 J. B. Tompson .. 060 W. R. Lallre.. .. 732 W. I?. Strype .. 2781 J. S.Muir . . . . . . 170 Loder . . . . 497 C. D. Abel . . . . 653 H. L. Pattinson, junr. 560 A. J. Boult . . . . 586 E. P. Alexander .. 593 E. Sonstadt . . . . 620 J. Walker . . . . * . 625 W. L. Wise . . . . 718 G. W. Von Nttwrocki 731 J. H. Johnqon .. - - . . Producing Combustible Gas for Steel Making, Glass Making, and other purposes . . . . . . . . . . 6d. .. Blaeking, &c. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gd. . . Combustible Compound of Carbonaceous and other Materials 4d. . . Treatment of Mineral Phosphates to obtain Products there- from . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2d. . , Apparatus for Carburetting Air, and Delivering or Distri- buting the same for Lighting and Heating purposes.. Gd. . , Treatment and Nanufacture of Coloring Matters . . , , 4d. . , Manufacture of Ligneous Compound, and of Articles Moulded therefrom, in imitation of Wood and other Carvings. . 2d. .. Obtaining Products from Cod . . . . . . . . . . 2d. .. Nanufacture of Sugar, and Apparatus therefor . . . . 2d. . . Treatment of Brine employed in the Manufncture of Salt . . 2d. . . Obtaining and Treating certain bases from Coal Tar,Naphtha, and Oils . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2d. . , Treatment and Application of certain Materials after having been fouledin the process of Purifying Coal Gas, for the Protection of Plants or Trees from tho Attacks of Insects 4d. , . Mnnnfacture of Matcrinl suitable for use as a Substitute for Leather, Cloth, Horn, Tortoiseshell, &c. . .. . 4d. ,, &lhnufacture and Treatment of Crystallized Sugar from Starch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4d. . . Proparing Malt, and other Amylaceous Substances, for Brewing and other purposes . . . . . . . . Gd. 747 A. Adair & W. Tomlinson , . Extracting Sulphiir and Phosphorus, &c. . . . . 4d. 748 J. H. Johnson . . . . Manufacture of Bichromates of Potash and Soda . . . . 4d. 750 T. Griffiths . . . . . . Manufacture of a White Pigment . . . . . . . . 4d. Treating Iron Ores and -other Mineral Substances for12 NO. 1882. 752 715 716 765 830 8 14 864 a n 897 915 __ - TEE ANALYST. - . Name of Patentee. Title of Patent. Price Langbrek., . . . . Manufaclture of Colored Marking I d s . . . . . . . 4d. J. Hickisson 6- H. W. L. Mond . . . . . . Apparatns for Extracting Ammonia from such Bolutions as are produced in the Manufacture of Soda by the AmmoniaProcess .. . . . . . . . . . . 6d. 5. Mona . . . . . . Xanufacture of Soda . . . . . . . . . . . . Gd. A, B. Rodyk.. . . . . Purifying GumCopal . . . . . . . . . . . . 2d. 5. Howell . . . . . . Treatment of the Mast Liquor produced in Pickling Iron,. 2d. PI J. Wdey.. . . . . Treatment of Sulphuretted Hydrogen, so as t o obtain Sulphur therefrom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2d. J. C. Naytin., . . . . Apparatus for the Manufacture, Drying, and Packing of White Lead, p&s of which are al60 applicable to the Packing of other Substances . . . . . . . . 6d. J. Clark . . , . , . Reducing Metals from their Ores or Chemical Compounds, . 6d. T. Twynan . . . . . . Produotion of Phosphoric Acid and Phosphates, and Utiliza- tion of Slags .. . . . . . . . . . . 4d. Ci A, Neinert &- P. Jeserich Utilizing Raw Vegetable Bats and Matters for Artificial 942 J. H. Johnson .. 944 Annie Eliza Sctott , . 945 L. G a d d . . . . 949 A. A. Nesbit , . 916 W. Arthur ..- .. 956 E. G. Brewer . . . . 969 W. Weldon . . . . 995 J. T. MeDougall , . 1017 I. 5. McDougd .. 1045 W. IT. Pattinson . . 10.55 L. Brumleu . . . . 1117 W.R.Lake.. .. 3111 Dr. J. Weiler . . 1077 W; Smith . . . . .. .. ,. .. .. .. .. .. .. minatingpurposes . . . . . . . . . . . . . Produotion of Bases for ColoringJlfatters . .- . . , . . Nanufacture of Precipitated Phosphate of Lime andRecovery Turif;,cation of Coal Gas, and Preparation and Treatment of Furnaces, or Apparatus for Burning, Calaining, or Roasting Sulphur Ores, Spent Oxide of Iron, and other Materials, and Apparatus for Separating Lhst- and Solid Impuri- ties from Cases obtained .. . . . . . . . . Manufacture of Coke . . . . . . . . . . . . Apparatus for Manufacture of White Lead . . . . . . Manufacture of Alcohol and Food for Animak from Amy- laceous Substances . . . . . . . . . . . . Separating Orthotoluidine from Paratoluidine, Ortho- toluidine from Aniline and Paratoluidine, by means of Phosphates and Arsenates.. . . . . . . . . Plastic Compound, suitable to be Tolled into fjheets and used as a Substitute for Ebonite of Sulphur from Alkali Water . . . . . . . . . Materials employed therein . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1/4 ad. 2d. 4d. 2a. 4d. Gd. 4d. 2d, 2d. Butter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2d. . . Testing Metallic Ores, &c., for the Separation of the Metals therefrom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sd. . . Separation of Gold and other Metals from their Ores . . 4d. .. Tanning Leather by Electricity . . . . . . . . 4d. , . Manufacture of Ink and Printing Material for use in Print- ing Postage Stamps, &c. . . . . . . . . . . ild. , . Manufacture of Gases and Vapours for Heating and Illw BOOKS, &a,, XECEIVED. The Chernint and Druggist ; The Brewers' Guardian ; The British Medical Johrnal ; The Medical Press; Tho Pharmaceutical Journal: The Sanitary Record; The Miller; The Provisioner; The Practitioner ; New Remedies ; Proceedinp of the Ainorican Chemical Sooiety ; Scienoe ; The Inventors' Record: New Yorlr Publio Health; The Scientific American; Sooiety of Arts Journal; S,anitary Engineer of New "Pork ; Cowkeeper and Dairyman'a Journal ; Sugar Cane ; Country Brewerd Gazetto ; The Medioal Record ; The Groom' Uazette ; London Water Supply, by Crookea, Odling and Tidy ; Chemiqd Rwiew ; Independent Oil and Drug Journal and Paint Review ; Scimco Xonthly ; Journal of the Sooiety of Chemioal Industry; Tobacco.