Perissomyrmex monticolan. sp. is described from Bhutan on three specimens, two workers and one dealate female. This is the second species of the genus. This genus has previously been recorded from Guatemala only. The discovery ofP. monticolain Bhutan, as well as the probable phyletic relationships of the genus, strongly indicate thatPerissomyrmexis not autochthonous to South America and that its natural distribution should be confined to the Old World. Hence, the previous Neotropical record should be explained by human introduction.