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Magnetic pendulum apparatus for analog demonstration of first‐order and second‐order phase transitions and tricritical points

 

作者: V. Hugo Schmidt,   Bryan R. Childers,  

 

期刊: American Journal of Physics  (AIP Available online 1984)
卷期: Volume 52, issue 1  

页码: 39-43

 

ISSN:0002-9505

 

年代: 1984

 

DOI:10.1119/1.13847

 

出版商: American Association of Physics Teachers

 

关键词: bench−scale experiments;pendulums;critical phenomena;phase transformations;order parameters;critical exponents;electromagnets

 

数据来源: AIP

 

摘要:

A simple apparatus is described in which the deflection of a pendulum with an electromagnet mounted at its tip is the analog of the magnitude of the order parameter in a phase transition. Its deflection is governed by the current through this electromagnet and currents through fixed electromagnets just below it. By suitable variation of these currents, the pendulum can be made to undergo gradual (second‐order transition analog) or sudden (first‐order transition analog) displacements from the vertical, as well as the intermediate situation corresponding to a tricritical point. Results for critical and tricritical exponents obtained with this apparatus are presented.

 

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