Survival and growth were assessed for 17 provenance hybrids and three natural populations ofPinus sylvestris(L.) planted in three field trials in central and northern Sweden. Restricted to the high mortality site the 18‐year hybrid survival percentage increased by three units per degree north latitude and one percent per 100 m higher altitude of the mother. The hybrid height was less influenced by the geographical origin than hybrid survival. For both traits the natural populations were better than or equal to hybrids with the same geographical mean origin. The variance component of the mother was mostly 2–3 times larger than the provenance component. The effect of the grandmother was nonsignificant for both traits.