As a result of a Ministry of Agriculture & Fisheries survey on ovine abortions, 76 isolates ofCampylobacter fetus fetuswere obtained. These isolates were from four farms in the southern Hawkes Bay, with an abortion incidence of 2.8% to 9.1%. Antisera to eight different strains ofC. fetus fetuswere made in rabbits. Strains were then examined using whole cell tube agglutination tests and sensitised Staphylococcal Protein A slide agglutination tests. Heat labile antigens were examined by absorbing antisera with heat-treated bacteria. Two broad serogroups were found, but within-group variation was demonstrated by cross-absorbing antisera. The isolates from one farm were all of a single broad serogroup. Both serogroups were found on the remaining three farms. Evidence for the presence of two major serogroups was also obtained by immobilisation tests and antigen analysis by gel diffusion.