Pursuing archival leads, the author made a detailed photographic survey of several dozen names, dates and other inscriptions carved in the rock of Anikiyev Island off the eastern end of Rybachiy Peninsula, on the north coast of the Kola Peninsula. Of 45 foreign inscriptions, at least 23 were Danish in origin; they fell into two periods, 1595–1615 and 1675–1709, with a concentration in the period 1684–98. Of the ports of origin named in the inscriptions, eight lie in Denmark or Schleswig, with Flensburg and Sønderborg being particularly prominent. The Russian inscriptions present are all of fairly late date—mid‐17th to early 19th century. The author has attempted, with considerable success, to match these indications of Danish and Russian seafaring and trading in the area of Rybachiy Peninsula with information on the topic derived from archival sources. (The translation is by William Barr, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon.)