Confidence in judgments based on incomplete information: An investigation using both hypothetical and real gambles
作者:
Irwin P. Levin,
Daniel P. Chapman,
Richard D Johnson,
期刊:
Journal of Behavioral Decision Making
(WILEY Available online 1988)
卷期:
Volume 1,
issue 1
页码: 29-41
ISSN:0894-3257
年代: 1988
DOI:10.1002/bdm.3960010105
出版商: John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.
关键词: Confidence in judgments;Risky decision making;Inferences;Framing effects
数据来源: WILEY
摘要:
AbstractThis study assessed how confidence in judgments is affected by the need to make inferences about missing information. Subjects indicated their likelihood of taking each of a series of gambles based on both probability and payoff information or only one of these sources of information. They also rated their confidence in each likelihood judgment. Subjects in the Explicit Inference condition were asked to explicitly estimate the values of missing information before making their responses while subjects in the Implicit Inference condition were not. The manner in which probability information was framed was also manipulated. Experiment 1 employed hypothetical gambles and Experiment 2 employed gambles with real money. Expressed likelihood of taking gambles was higher when probability was phrased in terms of '% chance of winning' rather than '% chance of losing', but this difference was somewhat less with real gambles than with hypothetical gambles. Confidence ratings in each experiment were actually higher on incomplete information trials than on complete information trials in the Explicit Inference condition. Results were related to the general issue of confidence in judgments.
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