The author reports 18 cases with repeated mediastinoscopy. The surgical procedure was performed twice on 16 patients and three times on 2 patients. Mediastinal shadow was the indication in 6 patients and bronchogenic carcinoma in 3 patients. Average time lag between the procedures was 35 months. In 56 % of the cases, repeated mediastinoscopy was regarded as positive. Strong peritracheal fibrosis disturbing the procedure was verified in 16 patients. No complications were observed.