In reporting the limited case-list the autor confirms the following points: (a) Rifampicin (RMP) gives excellent results in the treatment of initial conditions of pulmonary tuberculosis positive for Koch’s bacillus. Negativization of the gastric content was observed regularly within 30–40 days, (b) Its bactericidal action is very important in cases which have received previous polyvalent treatment over several years and show resistant Koch’s bacillus, as conversion of the sputum was obtained in 85%. (c) RMP is the ideal drug for preoperative treatment of chronic pulmonary tuberculosis cases which must undergo surgery. The rapidity and regularity of the action, as well as the good tolerance, make RMP a first line antituberculose