Reviews

 

作者:

 

期刊: Analyst  (RSC Available online 1908)
卷期: Volume 33, issue 390  

页码: 383-384

 

ISSN:0003-2654

 

年代: 1908

 

DOI:10.1039/AN9083300383

 

出版商: RSC

 

数据来源: RSC

 

摘要:

THE ANALYST. 383 REVIEWS. THE DETERMINATION OF RADICLES IN CAHBON COMPOUNDS. By DR. H. MEYER and Price 5s. 6d. net. The appearance of a third edition of this well-known little book will be welcomed by all those interested in the quantitative side of organic chemistry, a subject which, in spite of its importance, is frequently neglected in college courses of organic work. While the original form of the book has been retained, a considerable aniount of new material has been added in the form of an appendix. This consists mainly of notes and descriptions of new or improved methods of estimating hydroxyl, methoxyl, amino, azo, etc., groups, to which is added a selection of miscellaneous methods for the determinatjon of various individual substances. I t would perhaps have been better had the new material been placed under the original headings, instead of being formed into an appendix, which necessitates a number of cross references, and somewhat detracts from the compactness and utility of the book.Moreover, the selection of the “ IIiscellaneous Methods ” at the end of the volume leaves much to be desired on the score of completeness. There seems to be no real necessityfor the inclusion of these iniscellaneous methods, which have little in common with the main subject-matter of the book ; while, on the other hand, a more detailed account of several of the methods for the determination of radicles, such as the titration of azo groups by titanium trichloride, would have been welcome. The rather obscure equation on p. 79 for the conversion of the volume of nitrogen found by Benedikt and Strache’s method, into percentage of carbonyl oxygen, might with advantage have been replaced by a, simpler and more obvious calculation.With the exception of a few printer’s errors, more especially in the new portion, the book is commendably free from inaccuracies. There seems to be no reason, however, why the spellings ‘‘ glycerin ” and “ glycerol ” should both be adopted, or a certain method described as ‘‘ ingenuous.” The book presents in a small compass a clsmprehensive and up-to-date survey of the methods at present available for the determination of organic radicles, and should prove useful both to advanced students and to those engaged in research work, as the information it contains is of a kind that is not readily accessible.THE AXALYSIS OF ASHES AND ALLOYS. By L. PARRY. Price 5s. net. London : The The appearance of a, work on alloys and metal waste by the author, whose experience has been so largely associated with tin, antimony, lead, copper, zinc, and other metals in alloy, will be welcomed by all who have to deal with the somewhat complicated methods of analysis which have to be adopted. A considerable amount of technical experience and of knowledge as to the uses to which the material will be put, is necessary in deciding upon the method of analysis and in interpreting the result. Much information of great value for this purpose is included in the work, and the comparison of diflerent methods and the reasons for selecting 8 special method are fully set out.J. BISHOP TINGLE, Ph.D., F.C.S. New York : John Wiley and Sons. Third Edition, revised. London : Chapman and Hall. G. W. M.-W. Mining Joamtnl384 THE ANALYST, The work is divided into three sections: The first deals with the individual elements and the estimation of each in various classes of material; the second refers to the analysis of metal ashes, drosses, and general metallic waste ; while the third contains a useful summary relating to general matters, including the prepara- tion of standard solutions, etc. The work, which covers 143 pages, is thoroughly practical, and contains much new matter and many suggestions of value to the specialist. I t is, of course, only written for those whose work relates to metals and alloys, but it includes both the rough commercial and the more elaborate methods which are in use, and may be welcomed as an important addition to a special branch of metal analysis.I t is to be hoped that the next edition will be provided with a proper index, instead of the extremely brief table of contents which appears at the end of the book. G. T. H. -4 SYSTEMATIC INTRODUCTION TO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY : AN ELEMENTARY CLASS- BOOK. By A. F. Walden, M.A., and 13. Lambert, M.A. v+176 pp. J. Thornton and Son, Oxford; and Simpkin, Marshall, Hamilton, Kent and Co., London. 1908. 3s. 6d. This work is intended to furnish an elementary and a systematic introduction to the study of chemical analysie; but as the authors assume that the student is concerned only with single substances or simple salts, this limitation materially restricts the usefulness of the treatise as a text-book of analytical che’mistry. Tabular schemes of separation are omitted, and the student is left to construct his own (‘ tables,” because the authors consider that ‘‘ the blind, unintelligent use of tables is responsible for much, if not all, of the bad results commonly and rightly attributed to mere test-tubing.” But surely it is possible for the teacher and students of analytical chemistry to make a clear-sighted and intelligent use of the systematic schemes for analysis ; and when this is done the analytical group separations acquire a considerable educational value, and constitute an important branch of the study of general chemistry.Moreover, from the practical standpoint the elementary student should be encouraged to carry out analyses of easy mixtures long before he is in a position to compile his own methods of analysis.Such exercises, successfully effected, give the student confidence in his analytical powers, and furnish a welcome relief from the monotony of plodding through the reactions of individual acids and bases. The Introduction, which contains a clear exposition of the fundamental concep- tions of acids, bases, salts, equivalents, and valency, is followed by a chapter on the reactions of the common metallic radicals. The behaviour of the metal itself towards air, water, and acids is fully given, except in the case of magnesium ; and in this instance a reference to the action of nitric acid might have served to qualify the state- ment, on p.3, that “ i t is not possible to obtain hydrogen from it [nitric acid] by the action of any metal at all.” Probably owing to the circumstance that the separation of the metals is not dis- cussed, no mention is made of the interactions of potassium cyanide, and the salts of copper, cadmium, cobalt,, and nickel. Yet these important reactions should be known to students who are suiliciently advanced to deal with the tests for double cyanides, acetates, tartrates, etc. The acidic radicals are treated more fully, a series of the less commonly occurring acids being included. The instructions for dealing with an unknown substance and with insoluble substances are admirable, and the practical hints in connection with the blowpipe and dry tests merit careful attention, and would be very valuable not only in the examination of simple substances, but in qualitative work generally.G. T. M.384 THE ANALYST, The work is divided into three sections: The first deals with the individual elements and the estimation of each in various classes of material; the second refers to the analysis of metal ashes, drosses, and general metallic waste ; while the third contains a useful summary relating to general matters, including the prepara- tion of standard solutions, etc. The work, which covers 143 pages, is thoroughly practical, and contains much new matter and many suggestions of value to the specialist. I t is, of course, only written for those whose work relates to metals and alloys, but it includes both the rough commercial and the more elaborate methods which are in use, and may be welcomed as an important addition to a special branch of metal analysis. I t is to be hoped that the next edition will be provided with a proper index, instead of the extremely brief table of contents which appears at the end of the book.G. T. H. -4 SYSTEMATIC INTRODUCTION TO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY : AN ELEMENTARY CLASS- BOOK. By A. F. Walden, M.A., and 13. Lambert, M.A. v+176 pp. J. Thornton and Son, Oxford; and Simpkin, Marshall, Hamilton, Kent and Co., London. 1908. 3s. 6d. This work is intended to furnish an elementary and a systematic introduction to the study of chemical analysie; but as the authors assume that the student is concerned only with single substances or simple salts, this limitation materially restricts the usefulness of the treatise as a text-book of analytical che’mistry.Tabular schemes of separation are omitted, and the student is left to construct his own (‘ tables,” because the authors consider that ‘‘ the blind, unintelligent use of tables is responsible for much, if not all, of the bad results commonly and rightly attributed to mere test-tubing.” But surely it is possible for the teacher and students of analytical chemistry to make a clear-sighted and intelligent use of the systematic schemes for analysis ; and when this is done the analytical group separations acquire a considerable educational value, and constitute an important branch of the study of general chemistry. Moreover, from the practical standpoint the elementary student should be encouraged to carry out analyses of easy mixtures long before he is in a position to compile his own methods of analysis.Such exercises, successfully effected, give the student confidence in his analytical powers, and furnish a welcome relief from the monotony of plodding through the reactions of individual acids and bases. The Introduction, which contains a clear exposition of the fundamental concep- tions of acids, bases, salts, equivalents, and valency, is followed by a chapter on the reactions of the common metallic radicals. The behaviour of the metal itself towards air, water, and acids is fully given, except in the case of magnesium ; and in this instance a reference to the action of nitric acid might have served to qualify the state- ment, on p. 3, that “ i t is not possible to obtain hydrogen from it [nitric acid] by the action of any metal at all.” Probably owing to the circumstance that the separation of the metals is not dis- cussed, no mention is made of the interactions of potassium cyanide, and the salts of copper, cadmium, cobalt,, and nickel. Yet these important reactions should be known to students who are suiliciently advanced to deal with the tests for double cyanides, acetates, tartrates, etc. The acidic radicals are treated more fully, a series of the less commonly occurring acids being included. The instructions for dealing with an unknown substance and with insoluble substances are admirable, and the practical hints in connection with the blowpipe and dry tests merit careful attention, and would be very valuable not only in the examination of simple substances, but in qualitative work generally. G. T. M.

 

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