Abstract.An ovarian polytene chromosome map ofAnopheles mousinhoiis presented with a discussion of chromosome arm associations and X chromosome homologies with theAn.marshalliicomplex of species. Scanning electron microscopy of the previously undescribed egg shows marked similarities betweenAn.mousinhoiandAn.funestus.Major morphological differences betweenAn. mousinhoiand theAn. marshalliicomplex are described.Anopheles mousinhoiis recorded from South Africa for the first time.