Ten oral verruciform xanthomas were studied using an immunoperoxidase stain for S‐100 protein. All cases exhibited positively stained dendritic cells among the mononuclear inflammatory cell infiltrate at the base of the lesions and to a lesser extent among the “foam cells”. The foam cells were, however, negative for S‐100 staining. We suggest that, based on these findings, verruciform xanthomas belong to a new category of “non‐X histiocytoses” in which the presence of Langerhans cells suggests an immunologic