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Fractionally Charged Quasiparticles Signal Their Presence with Noise

 

作者: Graham P. Collins,  

 

期刊: Physics Today  (AIP Available online 1997)
卷期: Volume 50, issue 11  

页码: 17-19

 

ISSN:0031-9228

 

年代: 1997

 

DOI:10.1063/1.882050

 

出版商: AIP

 

数据来源: AIP

 

摘要:

To particle physicists, the electron is the quintessential example of an elementary particle: The highest energy experiments to date have revealed no evidence of any internal structure, no evidence that an electron is made up of some other, more fundamental components. But for condensed matter physicists studying the behavior of matter at low temperatures in semiconductor crystals, electrons can play by a different (although ultimately equivalent) set of rules. The fractional quantum Hall effect, for example, can be explained by invoking quasiparticles, which behave like distinct particles that each carry a fraction of an electron's charge. (On a more fundamental level, quasiparticles are collective excitations of interacting electrons.) Two recent experiments in Israel and France have added to the evidence that these quasiparticles exist.

 

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