AbstractThe quantity and marginal productivity of farm husband and wife labor services allocated to their own farm work are assessed. A behavioral model of the farm firm is developed and implemented empirically by fitting a production function to county average per farm data for 1964 for Iowa, North Carolina, and Oklahoma counties. A comparison of marginal products of husband's and wife's labor inputs with opportunity costs yields the implication that net rural‐to‐urban human migration and reallocation of working time between own‐farm and off‐farm work by the remaining farm population had succeeded in getting rid of excess labor services in U.S. agricultural production in 1964.