A review of the literature on the gaseous products and toxicity generated from the pyrolysis and combustion of rigid polyurethane foams
作者:
Maya Paabo,
Barbara C. Levin,
期刊:
Fire and Materials
(WILEY Available online 1987)
卷期:
Volume 11,
issue 1
页码: 1-29
ISSN:0308-0501
年代: 1987
DOI:10.1002/fam.810110102
出版商: John Wiley&Sons Ltd.
关键词: carbon monoxide;combustion products;fire retardants;hydrogen cyanide;literature reviews;polyurethane foams;rigid foams;thermal decomposition;toxicity
数据来源: WILEY
摘要:
AbstractThe literature on rigid polyurethane foam has been reviewed with an emphasis on the gaseous products generated under various thermal decomposition conditions and the toxicity of those products. This review is limited to publications in English through 1984. Carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen cyanide (HCN) were the predominant toxicants found among more than a hundred other gaseous products. The generation of CO and HCN was found to increase with increasing combustion products from various rigid polyurethane foams. Lethality, incapacitation, physiological and biochemical parameters were employ as biological end points. In general, the combustion products generated from rigid polyurethane foam in the flaming mode appear from to be more toxic than those produced in the non‐flaming mode. TheLC50values for 30‐min exposures ranged from 10 to 17 mg l−1in the flaming mode and were greater then 34 mg l−1in the non‐flaming mode. With the exception of one case, in which a reactive type phosphorus containing fire retardant was used, the addition of fire retardants to rigid polyurethane foams does not appear to generate unusual toxic combustion
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