Changes in neonatal care have resulted In an increased survival rale among fow ' birth weight Infants, Because their neurologic system is immature, these Infants are vulnerable lo neurologic injury.; Major and minor neurodevelopmental consequences can result. Most preterm infants survive without serious difficulties;. however, the lower the birth weight, the higher the likelihood that problems will occur. Numerous factors can increase a preterm Infant's risk for disease and impairment, and the neonatal nurse can perform a significant role in minimizing this risk