AbstractThe development and validation of an S‐R inventory of dominance is described. The inventory was found to have high reliability, adequate convergent and discriminant validity, and a meaningful factor structure. In samples of 18 and 164 college students the interaction between persons and situations contributed more to total score variance than did either persons or situations taken separately. Moreover, the percentage of variance due to the person‐situation interaction for dominance was found to be substantially larger than those obtained for other personality characteristics that have been studied with S‐R inventories. These considerations suggest that this new S‐R inventory is particularly appropriate for future research on dominance and the nature of person‐situation int