AbstractThe fruits ofCryptolepis buchananiandHemidesmus indicusare follicles. The fruit wall or the pericarp is distinguished into epicarp, mesocarp and endocarp. Epicarp is multilayered in both the fruits, composed of an epidermal layer and a collenchymatous zone of hypodermis. InH. indicusthe collenchymatous zone is filled with tanniniferous contents. The mesocarp is parenchymatous. Vascular bundles are found overarched by cellulosic fibre bundles. Laticifers present in the mesocarp are non‐articulated. The lignified fibrous endocarp ofCryptolepisis thicker and harder than that ofHemidesmus. The follicles dehisce marginicidally. The pericarp anatomy of these two genera are compared with that ofCryptostegia grandifloraand a taxonomic key is also added to delineate these three gener