November, 19731 THE ANALYST xiAPPOINTMENTS VACANTTHE QUEEN’S UNIVERSITY OF BELFASTDEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY (ANALYTICAL)DEMONSTRATORSHIPApplications are invited for a demonstratorship in the Departmentof Chemistry (Analytical) from 1st October 1973. The scale is L1,005-E1,086-E1,153. The successful candidate will assist with researchinto fluoride analysis. Initial placing will depend on qualificationsand experience. Applications which should be received by November19 and which should be accompanied by a brief curvzculum vitae andthe names of two academic referees, should be addressed to thePersonnel Officer, the Queen’s University of Belfast, BT7 lNN,Northern Ireland.UNIVERSITY OF BATHSCHOOL OF PHARMACY AND PHARMACOLOGYTECHNICIANrequired to join a research team investigating the interactionsof components of aqueous ophthalmic formulations withplastics.The project is sponsored by the Department ofHealth, initially for a two year period. Applicants shouldpossess experience in analytical chemical techniques orplastics technology.Starting salary (under review) El539 x E51- J;1794 per annum.Application forms are obtainable from the Registrar (S),University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY,quoting reference No. 73/145.GLAXOhave an appointmentfor aDEPUTY to the FACTORY ANALYSTAND QUALITY CONTROLLERat their Cambois factory. This is the most recently built factorywithin the large Glaxo Group of companies, having been openedin 1971 for the production of bulk antibiotics by deep-culturefermentation.The Analytical and Quality Control Department provides acomprehensive analytical service including raw material testing,production control, quality control of final products, and variousother work for the ancillary factory services.The person appointed will assist the Factory Analyst andQuality Controller in the smooth and efficient running of thesesections, some of which operate on a 7 day 3 shift system.Hewill also undertake non-routine investigations for the Department.He will be expected to bring to the position a technical expertise,administrative flair and the ability to motivate and lead subordinates,together with a working knowledge of automated and instrumentala n a I yt i ca I eq u i pmen t .Candidates with these requirements are likely to be graduates (orthe equivalent) in Chemistry or Pharmacy, with several yearsappropriate experience in Analytical Chemistry, preferably in thePharmaceutical industry.The position will carry a salary up tof 3055 per annum commensurate with qualifications and experience.The factory is situated in Northumberland within easy reach ofNewcastle, coast and country, and the area provides scope for awide range of sporting and cultural interests. Re-location ex-penses would be paid where appropriate.Candidates should apply to :The Senior Personnel Officer,Glaxo Labaratories Limited,Cambois,Bed I i ngt on,Northumberlandxii THE ANALYST [November, 1973APPOINTMENTS VACANTANALYTICAL CHEMISTCAWTHRON INSTITUTENELSONNEW ZEALANDA permanent position is available in the Chemical Services ServicesSection (10 staff) which offers a wide range of analytical and consultantservices to industry and agriculture.The position would suit a hardworking, versatile chemist interestedin applying knowledge and experience to a wide variety of organic andinorganic analytical problems.Applicants should have a B.Sc.Hons., M.Sc.or A.R.I.C., with someyears of experience in an analytical laboratory, preferably that of aPublic Analyst, and some experience in the supervision of staff.The Institute offers pleasant working conditions in a modem well-equipped laboratory. Instrumentation includes G.C., U.V., I.R. andA. A.Salary will be in the range $5000-$7000 N.Z.(L3040-L4256 U.K.)depending on qualifications and experience.Application Forms may be obtained from the Assistant ProfessionalActivities Officer, Royal Institute of Chemistry, 30 Russell Square,London WClB 5DT, to whom application should, in the first instance,be made.BINDINGHave your back numbers of The Analystbound in the standard binding case.Send the parts and the appropriateindcx(es) together with a remittancefor €2.65 to:J. S. WILSON & SON14a Union Road,Cambridge CB2 I H EHeinz, leaders in the convenience sector of the food industry, require ayoung graduate, preferably with some experience in continuous flowautoanalysis, to carry out development work on foodstuffs analysis by thistechnique.The person appointed must have sufficient experience and initiative toperform this task with minimum supervision.The Heinz Research Centre is situated in a pleasant parkland setting inHayes, Middlesex, and assistance in relocation can be offered ifnecessary.Salary, working conditions and fringe benefits are appropriateto a major food company.Please write in the first instance giving a brief personal and careersummary and quoting present salary to:-Mr. K. S. Chivers,M anager-H. 0. Personnel Services,H. J. Heinz Company Ltd.,Hayes Park, Hayes, Middlesex UB4 8AL.Please mention THE ANALYST when replyingto advertisementxiv SUMMARIES OF PAPERS IN THIS ISSUEA Spectrophotometric Method for the Micro- determination ofPiperonyl Butoxide in the Presence of PyrethrinsA rapid spectrophotometric method has been developed for the micro-determination of piperonyl butoxide in the presence of a wide range ofpyrethrins.A solution of the mixture of piperonyl butoxide and pyrethrinsin a low-boiling fraction of light petroleum is evaporated on a water-bathuntil only a small portion of the solvent remains. The final traces of solventare removed at 50 "C and, to the residue containing piperonyl butoxide andpyrethrins, 18 per cent. nz/V nitric acid is added in order to convert thepiperonyl butoxide content into a soluble yellow-coloured compound. Thequantitative colour reaction has a maximum absorption a t 370nm, andthe method is applicable to the residues in the range 4 to 40 pg ml-l ofpiperonyl butoxide. The method is also applicable to the residues of formu-lated products extracted from grains and paper coatings.H.M. BHAVNAGARY and S. M. AHMEDCentral Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore-BA, India.[November, 1973Analyst, 1973, 98, 792-796.The Determination of Chlorhydroxyquinoline in Medicated Pig FeedsA method has been developed for the determination of chlorhydroxy-quinoline (Halquinol) in medicated pig feeds, Because of the interferenceby feed constituents in simple spectrophotometric and polarographic assayprocedures, a spectrofluorimetric procedure is recommended. Spectrofluori-metric measurements are taken in a methanolic solvent containing 5 per cent.of chloroform, and the fluorescence of chlorhydroxyquinoline, as its mag-nesium chelate, is measured at 500nm, with an excitation wavelength of402 nm.Cyanide is used to suppress interference from copper and zinc saltsthat are commonly added to these feeds. The procedure is not affected bythe presence of other feed additives, such as dimetridazole and arsanilic acid.J. E. FAIRBROTHER and W. F. HEYESSquibb International Development Laboratory, Moreton, Wirral, Cheshire.Analyst, 1973, 98, 797-801.Solvent Extraction of Copper( 11) and Zinc(I1) with1,5- DiphenylcarbazoneThe extraction characteristics of 1,5-diphenylcarbazone and its coni-plexes with the bivalent metal ions copper(I1) and zinc(I1) in an isobutylmethyl ketone - water system have been studied and the extraction curvesof these metal complexes have also been obtained.The copper(I1) complexis extracted from a more acidic solution than is the zinc(I1) complex. Theextraction equilibria have been examined and the extraction constantsdetermined. The spectral properties of the complexes have also been deter-mined and the application of the reagent to the determination of copperand zinc is suggested.HISAHIKO EINAGA and HAJIME ISHIINational Institute for Researches in Inorganic Materials, Niihari-gun, Ibaraki-ken,Japan.Analyst, 1973, 98, 802-810.A Solvent- saving Extraction - Evaporation ApparatusDeveloped for Residue Analysis of PesticidesAn apparatus that simultaneously allows Soxhlet extraction of pesti-cides and concentration of the resulting extract has been designed. Theevaporated solvent is refluxed into the Soxhlet flask where it is utilised againfor the extraction.The major advantages of this cyclic extraction - evapora-tion system are that redistillation of solvents prior to extraction can beomitted, that manual work is reduced, as the solvent evaporation processoccurs simultaneously with the extraction of the sample, and that excess ofsolvent is not wasted but re-utilised for extraction, which is of interestfrom the economic and environmental contamination points of view.G. VOSS and W. BLASSAgrochemical Division, CIBA-Geigy Ltd., Basle, Switzerland.Analyst, 1973, 98, 811-812November, 19731 THE ANALYST xvTRACE ELEMENTANALYSISPROBLEMS?Activation Analysis could be the answer. Thistechnique offers the advantages of high sensitivityand specificity, good accuracy and precision, even atsub-p.p.m. concentrations.A bulk analysis isobtained, often non-destructively. The maindisadvantage (the need for a nuclear reactor) can beovercome by making use of the Activation AnalysisService provided by the Universities Research Reactor.If you would I ike to discuss your particular problem,or would like to receive further details, please contact:Dr. G. R. Gilmore (Activation Analyst),Activation Analysis Service,Universities Research Reactor,Risley,Nr. Warrington,Lancs.Phone: Warr. 32680,33114BUREAU OF ANALYSEDSAMPLES LTD.announce the issue of the followingNEW SAMPLESChemical StandardsNo. 384 Hycomax I11 PermanentMagnet Alloy (34% Co,4% Ti, 1% Nb)No.388 Zircon (66% ZrO,, 33% SiO,)Spectroscopic StandardsNos. 661-665 High Phosphorus Engin-eering Irons containingincrements of C , Si, Mn, Sand PFor further details please write to:-NEWHAM HALL, NEWBY,TS8 9EAor Telephone 0632 37216MID D LESBROU GH, TEESSI D E, ENGLANDANNUAL REPORTS ON ANALYTICALATOMIC SPECTROSCOPYVolume 2, 1972This comprehen ive and critical report of developments in analytical atomicspectroscopy has been compiled from more than I000 reports receivedfrom world-wide correspondents who are internationally recognised authori-ties in the field and who constitute the Editorial Board. In addition tosurveying developments throughout the world published in national orinternational journals, a particular aim has been to include less widelyaccessible reports from local, national and international symposia andconferences concerned with atomic spectroscopy.Volume 2 covers the year 1972216 pages Price f5-00 ISBN 0 85990 252 8Obtainable from The Society for Analytical Chemistry,(Book Department), 9/10 Savile Row, London, W1 X 1 AFMembers of The Chemical Society may buy personal copies at the special price of f3.0SUMMARIES OF PAPERS I N THIS ISSUEFractionation and Identification of Commercial HydrocolloidStabilising AgentsPart 11.Identification of the Components of Guar Gum - Locust BeanGum and of Pectinate - Gum Tragacanth MixturesThe limitations of a method for the identification of mixtures of stabilisingagents described previously have been overcome.The method now facilitatespositive identification of pectinate and tragacanth in admixture and of guargum and locust bean gum in admixture.R. G. MORLEY, G. 0. PHILLIPS, D. M. POWERDepartment of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry, University of Salford, Salford,Lancashire, M5 4WT.and R. E. MORGANThe Medical Center, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama, U.S.A.[November, 1973Analyst, 1973, 98, 813-815.Determination of Nicotinamide in Some Injections of B-complexVitamins by Thin-layer ChromatographyNicotinamide in some injections of B-complex vitamins can be separatedon a thin layer of silica gel G by using a solvent mixture of ethanol (98 percent.) - chloroform (25 + 60 V / V ) , eluted from the scraped off area with 0-1 Nhydrochloric acid and the solution measured spectrophotometrically a t261 nni.Results obtained by use of the proposed method are comparedwith those obtained with the ammonia distillation method of the BritishPharmacopoeia 1968.SAAD A. ISMAIEL and DAWOUD A. YASSAResearch Department, Soci6t6 Misr pour 1’Industrie Pharmaceutique, 92 El-MatariaStreet, Post El-Zeitoun, Cairo, Egypt,Analyst, 1973, 98, 816-818.Determination of Balsamic Acids and Esters byGas - Liquid ChromatographyA gas - liquid chromatographic method for the determination of balsamicacids and esters in crude drugs is described. Methylation of free acids isfollowed by a single-stage separation and quantitative determination ofmethyl and benzyl esters of benzoic and cinnamic acids. Results are pre-sented for the column parameters and reproducibility of the method. Theanalysis of a commercial sample of tolu balsam is reported ; the interpretationof the results may offer additional information to that obtained from officialstandards.K. J. HARKISS and P. A. LINLEYPostgraduate School of Studies in Pharmacy, University of Bradford, Bradford,BD7 1DP.Analyst, 1973, 98, 819-822.Application of Gas - Liquid Chromatography to the Analysisof Essential OilsPart 111. The Determination of Geraniol in Oils of CitronellaReport prepared by the Essential Oils Sub-committee.ANALYTICAL METHODS COMMITTEE9/10 Savile Row, London, W1X 1AF.Analyst, 1973, 98, 823-829.Recommended Methods for the Evaluation of Drugs.The Chemical Assay of Cascara Bark and Cascara Dry ExtractReport prepared by the Joint Committee of the PharmaceuticalSociety and the Society for Analytical Chemistry on RecommendedMethods for the Evaluation of DrugsJOINT COMMITTEE OF THE PHARMACEUTICAL SOCIETY AND THESOCIETY FOR ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY9/10 Savile Row, London, W1X 1AF.Analyst, 1973, 98, 830-83