Many species among the Tropical Annonaceae family are odorous; this property is due to the presence of essential oils which are mainly composed of mono- and sesquiterpene compounds. The aim of this work is to give an overview of all published studies on the chemical composition of essential oils of various plant parts taken from numerous species belonging to different genera of Annonaceae. In the Annonaceae, the main compounds are usually monoterpene hydrocarbons in fruit and seed oils, sesquiterpene hydrocarbons in leaf oils, and oxygenated sesquiterpenes in bark and root oils. Most constituents identified are common, such as α-pinene, limonene, β-pinene, β-caryophyllene, p-cymene and caryophyllene oxide. Other components seem to be more specific to a particular Annonaceae genus.