How Fair Is Safe Enough? The Cultural Approach to Societal Technology Choice1
作者:
Steve Rayner,
Robin Cantor,
期刊:
Risk Analysis
(WILEY Available online 1987)
卷期:
Volume 7,
issue 1
页码: 3-9
ISSN:0272-4332
年代: 1987
DOI:10.1111/j.1539-6924.1987.tb00963.x
出版商: Blackwell Publishing Ltd
关键词: Technology choice;fairness hypothesis;consent;liability;and trust;new nuclear technologies
数据来源: WILEY
摘要:
This paper consists of an argument and a pilot study. First is a general, perhaps philosophical, argument against the National Academy's viewpoint(1)that dealing with risk is a two‐stage process consisting of (a) assessment of facts, and (b) evaluation of facts in sociopolitical context. We argue that societal risk intrinsically revolves around social relations as much as around evaluations of probability. Second, we outline one particular approach to analyzing societal risk management styles. We call this thefairness hypothesis.Rather than focusing on probabilities and magnitudes of undesired events, this approach emphasizes societal preferences for principles of achieving consent to a technology, distributing liabilities, and investing trust in institutions. Conflict rather than probability is the chief focus of this approach to societal risk management. This view is illustrated by a recent empirical pilot study that explored the fairness hypothesis in the context of new nuclear technologie
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