Dynamics of the Human Eyeblink
作者:
GEORGE HUNG,
FREDERICK HSU,
LAWRENCE STARK,
期刊:
American Journal of Optometry and Physiological Optics
(OVID Available online 1977)
卷期:
Volume 54,
issue 10
页码: 678-690
ISSN:0093-7002
年代: 1977
出版商: OVID
关键词: eyeblink;dynamics;eyelid movement;reciprocal innervation;mathematics;model;contact lens wearers
数据来源: OVID
摘要:
High-speed photography of eyeblinks in 4 subjects provided displacement and velocity time functions. The results from dynamic measurements made with a mechanical transducer connected physically to the upper eyelid gave estimates of the passive spring constant (Kp= 1.5 gm,/mm) and the passive viscosity (Bp= 0.09 gmr- sec/mm) of the eyelid. Noting the similarity between the reciprocal-innervation mechanisms in the eyelid and the eye-movement systems, a mathematical eyelid model was derived based on the well-known eye-movement model and using similar ideal mechanical-element representations. The model-simulation time course shows the essential characteristics of an eyeblink and suggests that the force program consists of reciprocally acting pulse forces during the downblink, and pulse-step forces during the upblink. When 1 mm of lid displacement is equated with 5 deg of eyeball rotation and when the main sequences for lid movements and for time-optimal saccadic eye movements are compared, the eyeblinks are not found to be time optimal for their various amplitudes.
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