On integrative study

 

作者: Joseph Engelberg,  

 

期刊: Systems Research  (WILEY Available online 1991)
卷期: Volume 8, issue 1  

页码: 5-17

 

ISSN:0731-7239

 

年代: 1991

 

DOI:10.1002/sres.3850080102

 

出版商: John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.

 

数据来源: WILEY

 

摘要:

AbstractIntegrative Study Contemplates principles of integration revealed by life at its many hierarchic levels. Since living systems can be understood only by reference to their transformations over time, the objects of integrative study are narratives (histories, case histories, works of literature, etc.). The discourse does not stop at any disciplinary boundary, yet integrative study is not anarchic but is guided by frameworks of thought which it constructs. In this form of study the asymmetry between teacher and student, speaker and audience is greatly reduced; participants derive from a diversity of backgrounds; the common language, the language of everyday life is used; communication is primarily oral, face‐to‐face, rather than via the written word. Integrative study takes place where we are, with the people among whom we live, and exerts a benign integrative influence on the community in which it takes pl

 

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