A case is presented of a 13-year-old right-handed male who exhibited bilateral striato-capsular lesions following an episode of cerebral anoxia and a range of clinical features typical of aphemia. The findings of a neurological assessment, neuroradiological assessment and battery of speech/language tests are described and their implications for current theories regarding the role of the basal ganglia in speech/language function discussed. The patient initially demonstrated an isolated loss of the ability to articulate words without the loss of the ability to write or comprehend spoken language. His initial mutism later resolved into a dysarthria with features similar to those seen in hypokinetic dysarthria. It was concluded that striato-capsular lesions in childhood are capable of producing temporary language disturbances and in some cases a persistent dysarthria.