This paper demonstrates the production of H−ions by backscattering hyperthermal hydrogen atoms of energy 1–10 eV from a clean molybdenum and cesiated molybdenum surface. The total negative hydrogen ion yield for a Maxwellian distribution of the atoms has been estimated. The major production mechanism of hyperthermal hydrogen atoms has been described. Parallel energy distribution of H−ions has been measured in a uniform magnetic field for different discharge conditions. Experimental data for dependence of H−ion current on power and pressure have been presented. Finally, we have discussed the possibility of designing new type of high brightness H−ion source.